break down

• Фразовый глагол, используемый для обозначения действия разделения чего-либо на более мелкие части для анализа или прекращения работы (например, механизма или транспортного средства).

A phrasal verb used to indicate the act of separating something into smaller parts for analysis, or to stop functioning (as in a machine or vehicle).

uncountable · irregular verb · transitive and intransitive · phrasal, separable

1. Stop functioninginformal

   To stop working or operating properly, usually referring to machinery or vehicles.

   Сломаться

   • My car broke down on the highway yesterday.
   • The elevator broke down, so we had to take the stairs.
   • The computer system broke down during the presentation.

   Synonymsconk outdiefailgive outmalfunction

   Antonymsfunctionoperaterunwork

2. Analyze or separateformal

   To divide something into smaller parts in order to understand it better.

   Разобрать

   • Let's break down the problem into manageable steps.
   • The teacher broke down the complex equation for the students.
   • We need to break down the budget by department.

   Synonymsanalyzedecomposedeconstructdissectexamineparseresolveseparate

   Antonymsassemblecombineunify

3. Lose emotional controlinformal

   To become very upset or lose control of one's emotions.

   Сорваться

   • She broke down in tears after hearing the news.
   • He broke down under the pressure of the exam.
   • The witness broke down while describing the accident.

   Synonymscollapsecome apartcrack updisintegratefall apartgo to pieceslose it

   Antonymscalmcomposesoothesteady

4. Decompose or decayformal

   To cause something to decompose or rot over time.

   Разлагаться

   • Bacteria help break down organic matter in the soil.
   • The chemicals break down the waste into harmless substances.
   • Over time, the plastic will break down into microplastics.

   Synonymsdecaydecomposedegradedisintegrateputrefyrotspoil

Base verbbreak