break down

• فعل مركب يُستخدم للدلالة على تقسيم شيء ما إلى أجزاء أصغر لتحليله أو فهمه، أو على توقف عمل آلة أو وسيلة نقل عن العمل.

A phrasal verb used to indicate the act of separating something into smaller parts for analysis, or to stop functioning (as in a machine or vehicle).

غير معدود · فعل شاذ · متعدٍّ ولازم · فعل مركّب، قابل للفصل

1. Stop functioninginformal

   To stop working or operating properly, usually referring to machinery or vehicles.

   تعطُّل

   • My car broke down on the highway yesterday.
   • The elevator broke down, so we had to take the stairs.
   • The computer system broke down during the presentation.

   المرادفاتconk outdiefailgive outmalfunction

   الأضدادfunctionoperaterunwork

2. Analyze or separateformal

   To divide something into smaller parts in order to understand it better.

   حلَّلَ

   • Let's break down the problem into manageable steps.
   • The teacher broke down the complex equation for the students.
   • We need to break down the budget by department.

   المرادفاتanalyzedecomposedeconstructdissectexamineparseresolveseparate

   الأضدادassemblecombineunify

3. Lose emotional controlinformal

   To become very upset or lose control of one's emotions.

   فقدان السيطرة على المشاعر

   • She broke down in tears after hearing the news.
   • He broke down under the pressure of the exam.
   • The witness broke down while describing the accident.

   المرادفاتcollapsecome apartcrack updisintegratefall apartgo to pieceslose it

   الأضدادcalmcomposesoothesteady

4. Decompose or decayformal

   To cause something to decompose or rot over time.

   يتحلل

   • Bacteria help break down organic matter in the soil.
   • The chemicals break down the waste into harmless substances.
   • Over time, the plastic will break down into microplastics.

   المرادفاتdecaydecomposedegradedisintegrateputrefyrotspoil

الفعل الأساسيbreak