closed

Describes something that is not open, or a system or group that is restricted or not accessible to all.

ruОписывает что-то, что не открыто, или систему или группу, которая ограничена или недоступна для всех.esDescribe algo que no está abierto, o un sistema o grupo que está restringido o no es accesible para todos.frDécrit quelque chose qui n'est pas ouvert, ou un système ou un groupe qui est limité ou inaccessible à tous.deBeschreibt etwas, das nicht offen ist, oder ein System oder eine Gruppe, die begrenzt oder nicht für alle zugänglich ist.ptDescreve algo que não está aberto, ou um sistema ou grupo restrito ou não disponível para todos.zh表示某物未被打开，或指某个系统、团体对外封闭、不对外开放或无法进入。arيصف شيئًا غير مفتوح، أو نظامًا أو مجموعة مقيدة أو غير متاحة للجميع.

1. Not open A1 formal

   Shut or not allowing entry or passage.

   • The store is closed on Sundays.
   • Please keep the door closed.
   • The window was closed tightly against the cold.

   ruЗакрытыйescerradofrfermé (non ouvert)deGeschlossenptFechadozh关闭的arمُغْلَق

   Synonyms: barredfastenedsealedshut

   Antonyms: open

2. Finished or ended A2 formal

   No longer active, available, or continuing.

   • The case is now closed.
   • The application period is closed.
   • The discussion was closed after the final vote.

   ruЗакрытыйescerrado / concluidofrterminé, closdeGeschlossenptEncerradozh结束的arمُغْلَق

   Synonyms: completedconcludeddoneendedfinishedoverterminated

   Antonyms: activecontinuingongoingopen

3. Not open to new ideas B2 informal

   Unwilling to consider new ideas or experiences.

   • He has a closed mind when it comes to new technology.
   • She is closed to suggestions from others.
   • The committee was closed to any changes in the plan.

   ruЗакрытыйescerrado a nuevas ideasfrfermé d’espritdeVerschlossenptFechadozh封闭的arمنغلق الذهن

   Synonyms: bigotedclosed-mindeddogmatichideboundinflexibleintolerantnarrow-mindedopinionatedprejudicedrigid

   Antonyms: broad-mindedflexibleopen-mindedreceptivetolerant

• more closed comparative form
• most closed superlative form

A verb used to indicate the act of shutting something, bringing something to an end, or reducing the distance between things.

ruГлагол, используемый для обозначения действия по закрытию чего-либо, завершению чего-либо или сокращению расстояния между объектами.esVerbo que se usa para indicar la acción de cerrar algo, terminar algo o reducir la distancia entre objetos.frVerbe utilisé pour désigner l'action de fermer quelque chose, de terminer ou d'achever quelque chose, ou de réduire la distance entre des objets.deVerb, das verwendet wird, um das Schließen von etwas, das Beenden von etwas oder das Verringern des Abstands zwischen Objekten zu bezeichnen.ptVerbo usado para indicar a ação de fechar algo, encerrar ou concluir algo, ou reduzir a distância entre objetos.zh表示关闭某物、结束某事或缩短物体之间距离的动作。arفعل يُستخدم للدلالة على إغلاق شيء ما، أو إنهاء أمر ما، أو تقليص المسافة بين الأشياء.

1. Shut A1 formal

   To move something so that an opening is covered or blocked.

   • Please close the door when you leave.
   • She closed her eyes and fell asleep.
   • He closed the book after finishing the last chapter.

   ruЗакрытьesCerrarfrfermer (pour obturer)deSchließenptFecharzh关闭arإغلاق

   Synonyms: barblockboltfastenlatchlockobstructplugsealsecureshutstop

   Antonyms: open

2. End or finish A2 formal

   To bring an activity, event, or period to an end.

   • The store closes at 9 PM.
   • They closed the meeting with a summary of decisions.
   • The festival closed with a spectacular fireworks display.

   ruЗавершитьesCerrar, finalizarfrclore / terminerdeBeendenptEncerrarzh结束arإنهاء النشاط

   Synonyms: ceasecompleteconcludeendfinishterminatewind upwrap up

   Antonyms: beginopenstart

3. Reduce distance B1 formal

   To move so as to cover an opening or reduce a gap.

   • The police closed in on the suspect.
   • The army closed ranks to defend the position.
   • The gap between the two runners began to close.

   ruСокращать расстояниеesReducir la distanciafrRéduire la distancedeAbstand verringernptReduzir a distânciazh缩短距离arتقليص المسافة

   Synonyms: contractconvergediminishlessennarrowreduceshrinktighten

   Antonyms: openpartseparate

• closed past participle
• closed past simple
• closing present participle
• closes third person singular

Phrasal variants: close downclose inclose offclose outclose up