realism

• Существительное, обозначающее практический, основанный на фактах подход к жизни и ситуациям, а также философскую доктрину о том, что объекты существуют независимо от восприятия, и художественное направление, подчеркивающее детальное, реалистичное изображение.

A noun referring to a practical, factual approach to life and situations, as well as a philosophical doctrine that objects exist independently of perception, and an artistic movement emphasizing detailed, realistic depiction.

uncountable

1. Practical attitudeB2formal

   The quality of accepting situations as they are and dealing with them in a practical, sensible way.

   Реализм

   • Her realism helped the team focus on achievable goals.
   • He approached the budget with a sense of realism.
   • Realism is essential when planning a long-term project.

   Synonymscommon sensepracticalitypragmatism

   Antonymsidealismimpracticalityoptimismunrealismutopianism

2. State of being realB2formal

   The condition of being actual, factual, or existing in reality.

   Реалистичность

   • The realism of the threat was undeniable.
   • We must acknowledge the realism of the situation.
   • The film's realism made it deeply moving.

3. Philosophical doctrine (objects)C1formal

   The philosophical view that physical objects exist independently of being perceived by a mind.

   Реализм

   • Realism argues that a tree continues to exist even when no one is looking at it.
   • The debate between realism and idealism is central to metaphysics.
   • Many scientists adopt a form of realism about the physical world.

   Antonymsidealismnominalismsubjectivism

4. Art movementB2formalart

   A 19th-century artistic movement in France that aimed to depict subjects accurately and truthfully, without idealization.

   Реализм

   • Gustave Courbet was a leading figure in the realism movement.
   • Realism in art focused on everyday life and ordinary people.
   • The painting is a masterpiece of 19th-century realism.

   Synonymsnaturalism

5. Philosophical doctrine (abstract concepts)C1formal

   The philosophical position that abstract entities, such as numbers or universals, exist independently of human thought or language.

   Реализм (философское учение)

   • Plato's theory of forms is an early example of realism about abstract concepts.
   • Realism about numbers holds that they exist even if no one is thinking about them.
   • The debate between nominalism and realism is ongoing in philosophy.

   Synonymsplatonism