willfully

• Наречие, означающее 'намеренно' или 'с нарочитым упрямством'. Описывает действие, совершённое целенаправленно, часто вопреки ожиданиям или требованиям. В американском английском обычно пишется 'willfully' (с двойной 'l'), в британском английском также допускается 'wilfully' (с одной 'l').

An adverb meaning 'deliberately' or 'with intentional stubbornness.' It describes an action done on purpose, often in defiance of what is expected or required. In American English, it is commonly spelled 'willfully' (with double 'l'), while in British English, 'wilfully' (single 'l') is also accepted.

1. Deliberately or intentionallyB2formal

   In a way that is done on purpose, often with a negative connotation.

   Умышленно

   • He willfully ignored the warning signs.
   • She willfully misled the investigators.
   • The driver willfully ran the red light.

   Synonymsconsciouslydeliberatelyintentionallyknowinglyon purposepurposelywittingly

   Antonymsaccidentallyinadvertentlyunconsciouslyunintentionallyunknowinglyunwittingly

2. Stubbornly or obstinatelyC1formal

   In a way that shows determination to do as one pleases, even if it is wrong.

   Упрямо

   • The child willfully refused to eat his vegetables.
   • He willfully continued the argument despite the evidence.
   • She willfully persisted in her erroneous belief.

   Synonymscontrarilymulishlyobduratelyobstinatelyperverselystubbornly