this

• Determinante demostrativo que señala a una persona, animal, cosa o idea que está cerca del hablante, o que acaba de mencionarse.

A demonstrative determiner used to refer to a specific person or thing that is close to the speaker in space, time, or thought.

1. Proximity in space or timeA1formal

   Used to identify a specific person or thing that is near the speaker in physical distance or in immediate time (present or very recent past).

   Este (proximidad espacial o temporal)

   • This book is very interesting.
   • I like this song.
   • This morning was beautiful.

2. Introduction or identificationA2informal

   Used to introduce a new topic, idea, or person to the listener, or to identify someone formally.

   Presentación o identificación

   • This is my friend, John.
   • So, this is the plan for tomorrow.
   • Hello, this is Mary speaking.

3. Reference to something just mentionedB1formal

   Used to refer back to an idea, statement, or situation that has just been mentioned or is currently being experienced.

   esto (referencia a lo mencionado)

   • I don't agree with this.
   • This is exactly what I meant.
   • Why did you do this?