this

• Указательное слово для обозначения предмета или лица, находящегося близко к говорящему

A demonstrative determiner used to refer to a specific person or thing that is close to the speaker in space, time, or thought.

1. Proximity in space or timeA1formal

   Used to identify a specific person or thing that is near the speaker in physical distance or in immediate time (present or very recent past).

   Близость в пространстве или времени

   • This book is very interesting.
   • I like this song.
   • This morning was beautiful.

2. Introduction or identificationA2informal

   Used to introduce a new topic, idea, or person to the listener, or to identify someone formally.

   Введение или идентификация

   • This is my friend, John.
   • So, this is the plan for tomorrow.
   • Hello, this is Mary speaking.

3. Reference to something just mentionedB1formal

   Used to refer back to an idea, statement, or situation that has just been mentioned or is currently being experienced.

   Ссылка на только что упомянутое

   • I don't agree with this.
   • This is exactly what I meant.
   • Why did you do this?