civilization

• Nom désignant une société humaine complexe caractérisée par un niveau avancé de développement social, culturel, politique et technologique, ainsi que par l'ensemble des réalisations et des modes de vie qui en résultent.

A noun referring to a complex human society characterized by advanced social, cultural, political, and technological development.

1. Advanced societyB1formal

   A complex human society with developed culture, technology, government, and social structures.

   civilisation

   • Ancient Egyptian civilization built the pyramids.
   • The Indus Valley civilization was one of the earliest urban societies.
   • Modern civilization relies heavily on technology and communication.

   Synonymescommunityculturenationpeoplesociety

   Antonymesbarbarismprimitivenesssavagery

2. Refinement of cultureB2formal

   The process of becoming more advanced, refined, or cultured.

   Civilisation (raffinement de la culture)

   • The spread of writing was a key step in human civilization.
   • Art and philosophy are hallmarks of civilization.
   • The museum exhibits trace the development of Western civilization.

   Synonymesadvancementcultivationcultureeducationenlightenmentpolishrefinementsophistication

   Antonymesbackwardnessbarbarismcrudenessprimitivenesssavagery