irradiation

• Nom désignant l'exposition à des radiations ou un faisceau de lumière. En physiologie, propagation des influx nerveux sensoriels dans le cortex cérébral. En optique, augmentation apparente d'un objet lumineux sur fond sombre. Dans le conditionnement pavlovien, déclenchement d'un réflexe conditionné par un stimulus similaire mais non identique. En médecine, traitement de maladies, notamment le cancer, par exposition à une substance radioactive.

A noun referring to the condition of being exposed to radiation, or a column of light. In physiology, it denotes the spread of sensory neural impulses in the cortex. In optics, it describes the apparent enlargement of a bright object against a dark background. In Pavlovian conditioning, it is the elicitation of a conditioned response by a similar but not identical stimulus. In medicine, it refers to the treatment of disease, especially cancer, by exposure to a radioactive substance.

indénombrable

1. Exposure to radiationB2formalmedical

   The condition of being exposed to radiation, often in a medical or environmental context.

   Exposition aux rayonnements

   • The patient underwent irradiation as part of cancer treatment.
   • Prolonged irradiation can damage healthy cells.
   • The lab monitors irradiation levels to ensure safety.

   Synonymesexposureradiation

2. Beam of lightC1formalscientific

   A column of light emitted from a source, such as a beacon or lamp.

   Faisceau de lumière

   • The lighthouse sent a powerful irradiation across the sea.
   • An irradiation of light broke through the dark clouds.
   • The beacon's irradiation guided the ships safely to shore.

3. Neural spreadC2formalscientific

   In physiology, the spread of sensory neural impulses across the cortex.

   Irradiation nerveuse

   • Irradiation of neural signals occurs during sensory processing.
   • The study examined irradiation patterns in the brain's cortex.
   • Sensory irradiation helps integrate information from different stimuli.

   Synonymesdiffusionpropagationspread

4. Optical illusionC2formalscientific

   The apparent enlargement of a bright object when viewed against a dark background.

   Irradiation (illusion d'optique)

   • Irradiation makes the moon appear larger when it is low on the horizon.
   • The bright star showed irradiation against the night sky.
   • Artists sometimes use irradiation to create visual effects.

5. C2formalscientific

   In Pavlovian conditioning, the elicitation of a conditioned response by a stimulus similar but not identical to the original stimulus.

   Irradiation (conditionnement pavlovien)

   • Irradiation in conditioning explains why similar sounds trigger the same response.
   • The dog's salivation showed irradiation to a bell tone close to the original.
   • Pavlov's experiments demonstrated irradiation of conditioned reflexes.

   Synonymesgeneralizationstimulus generalization

6. Cancer treatmentB2formalmedical

   The medical treatment of disease, especially cancer, by exposure to a radioactive substance.

   Radiothérapie

   • Irradiation is a common therapy for localized tumors.
   • The patient received daily irradiation sessions for three weeks.
   • Doctors carefully plan irradiation to minimize side effects.

   Synonymesradiation therapyradiotherapy