staining

• Существительное, обозначающее процесс нанесения красителя или пигмента для окрашивания поверхности или образца, или действие по нанесению пятна на что-либо.

A noun referring to the process of applying a dye or pigment to color a surface or specimen, or the act of marking something with a stain.

неисчисляемое

1. Microscopic coloring techniqueC1formalscientific

   The process of applying a dye to biological specimens to make structures visible under a microscope.

   Окрашивание

   • Staining with hematoxylin reveals cell nuclei in tissue samples.
   • Gram staining is a standard method for classifying bacteria.
   • The lab technician performed a special staining procedure to highlight the nerve cells.

2. Marking or discoloringB1formal

   The act of accidentally or intentionally leaving a mark or spot on a surface.

   Окрашивание или загрязнение

   • The staining of the carpet was caused by spilled red wine.
   • He tried to remove the staining from his shirt with bleach.
   • The staining on the old photograph made it difficult to see the faces.

   Синонимыmarkingsoilingspotting

   Антонимыcleaningwhitening

• Глагол, используемый для обозначения действия по нанесению отметки или обесцвечиванию чего-либо, или нанесения красящего вещества на поверхность.

A verb used to indicate the act of marking or discoloring something, or applying a coloring agent to a surface.

1. Color with a liquid dye or tintB1formal

   To apply a coloring agent, such as dye or pigment, to a surface, typically wood or fabric.

   Окрашивать

   • He stained the wooden table a rich mahogany color.
   • She stained the fabric with a natural plant-based dye.
   • The carpenter stained the new bookshelf to match the existing furniture.

   Синонимыcolordyeimbuetingetint

   Антонимыbleachwhiten

2. Produce or leave stainsA2formal

   To cause a mark or discoloration that is difficult to remove.

   Оставлять пятна

   • Red wine stains the carpet easily.
   • The grass stains on his jeans were hard to wash out.
   • Be careful, the ink from this pen stains your fingers.

   Синонимыblemishblotdiscolormarksmudgesoilspottarnish

   Антонимыbleachcleanpurifywhiten

3. Make dirty or spottyB2formal

   To spoil the appearance of something by leaving a mark; can also be used metaphorically to mean tarnish a reputation.

   Запятнать

   • The scandal stained his otherwise spotless career.
   • The rain stained the freshly painted wall.
   • Her reputation was stained by the false accusations.

   Синонимыbesmirchblemishblotchdirtydiscolorsmudgesoilspotsullytarnish

   Антонимыcleanpurify

4. Color for microscopic studyC1formalscientific

   To apply a special dye to biological specimens to make structures visible under a microscope.

   Окрашивать

   • The biologist stained the tissue sample to highlight the cell nuclei.
   • To identify the bacteria, the lab technician stained the slide.
   • Different stains are used to visualize various cellular components.

   Синонимыcolordyetingetint