communalism

• 名词，指以社区共同生活与共同所有制为基础的社会或政治制度；也指对本族群或少数群体而非更大社会的强烈认同与忠诚。

A noun referring to a social or political system based on communal living and shared ownership, or a strong allegiance to one's own ethnic or minority group over the broader society.

不可数

1. Communal living and ownershipC1formal

   A social system based on collective living and shared ownership of property and resources.

   公社制度

   • The commune practiced communalism, sharing all resources equally.
   • Communalism often involves collective decision-making and shared labor.
   • Some utopian movements in the 19th century advocated for communalism.

   同义词collectivismcommunism

   反义词capitalismindividualism

2. Ethnic or religious group loyaltyC2formal

   A political or social ideology that prioritizes the interests of one's own ethnic or religious group over the broader society, often leading to conflict.

   社群主义或族群宗教忠诚

   • Communalism can lead to social division and violence between different groups.
   • The rise of communalism in the region threatened national unity.
   • Politicians sometimes exploit communalism for electoral gain.

   同义词chauvinismethnocentrismparochialismparticularismsectarianismtribalism

   反义词pluralismuniversalism