congenital

• 指出生时就存在的疾病或身体异常，与后天获得的相对。

Describes a disease or physical abnormality present from birth.

1. Present from birthB2formalmedical

   A condition or trait that exists at or before birth, often inherited or caused by environmental factors during pregnancy.

   先天性

   • The baby was diagnosed with a congenital heart defect.
   • Congenital disorders can sometimes be detected before birth.
   • She has a congenital condition that affects her vision.

   同义词inborninherentinnatenative

   反义词acquiredadventitiousdevelopmentalenvironmental

2. Innate or inherentC1formal

   Used metaphorically to describe a characteristic that seems to be an essential part of someone's nature.

   天生的

   • He has a congenital optimism that never fades.
   • Her congenital distrust of strangers made it hard to make friends.
   • The politician's congenital dishonesty was well known.

   同义词constitutionalinborningrainedinherentinnateintrinsicnativenatural

   反义词acquiredcultivatedlearned