penalty

• 名词，指因违反法律、规则或合同，或因犯错而受到的处罚或后果；也可指为此缴纳的罚款。

A noun referring to a punishment or consequence imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract, or for committing an offense.

1. Punishment for breaking a ruleB1formal

   A punishment imposed for violating a law, rule, or agreement.

   处罚

   • The penalty for speeding is a fine of $200.
   • He received a penalty for not paying his taxes on time.
   • The referee awarded a penalty kick to the opposing team.

   同义词fineforfeitpenancepunishmentretributionsanction

   反义词prizereward

2. Disadvantage or consequenceB2formal

   An undesirable consequence of an action or situation.

   不利后果

   • The penalty for not exercising regularly is poor health.
   • One penalty of living in a big city is the high cost of living.
   • The team suffered the penalty of losing their star player to injury.

   同义词consequencecostdisadvantagedownsidedrawbackpitfallpricesnag

   反义词advantagebenefitreward

3. Sports penaltyA2informal

   In sports, a punishment given to a player or team for breaking the rules.

   处罚

   • The hockey player was sent to the penalty box for two minutes.
   • The soccer team conceded a penalty in the final minute of the game.
   • The referee called a penalty for holding the opponent.

   同义词punishmentsanction