arduous

Describes a task or activity that is difficult, tiring, and requires a lot of effort.

ruОписывает задачу или деятельность, которая является трудной, утомительной и требует больших усилий.esDescribe una tarea o actividad que es difícil, agotadora y que requiere un gran esfuerzo.frDécrit une tâche ou une activité qui est difficile, épuisante et exige beaucoup d'efforts.deBeschreibt eine Aufgabe oder Tätigkeit, die schwierig und kräftezehrend ist und große Anstrengung erfordert.ptDescreve uma tarefa ou atividade difícil, cansativa e que exige grande esforço. Também pode indicar algo penoso, que demanda muita energia ou persistência.zh形容任务或活动艰难、费力，需要付出很大努力并令人疲惫。arيصف مهمة أو نشاطًا يتسم بالصعوبة والإرهاق ويتطلب جهدًا كبيرًا.

1. Physically demanding B2 formal

   Involving or requiring a lot of effort and energy, often to the point of exhaustion.

   • The arduous climb up the mountain left them breathless.
   • She completed the arduous marathon despite the heat.
   • The soldiers endured an arduous training exercise.

   ruТребующий больших усилийesagotador, extenuantefrÉpuisant physiquementdeKörperlich anstrengendptFisicamente exigentezh艰苦费力的arشاقّ ومُنهِك

   المرادفات: backbreakingdemandingexhaustinggruelinghardlaboriouspunishingstrenuoustaxingtough

   الأضداد: easyeffortlesslightsimpleundemanding

2. Testing endurance B2 formal

   Challenging one's stamina, patience, or strength to the maximum.

   • The long journey through the desert was arduous and dangerous.
   • He faced an arduous legal battle to prove his innocence.
   • The arduous process of recovery tested her willpower.

   ruТребующий выносливостиesagotadorfrÉpuisant, éprouvantdeAusdauernd beanspruchendptQue exige resistênciazh考验耐力的arمُتْعِب ومُسْتَنْزِف للقُوى

   المرادفات: backbreakingdemandingexhaustinggruelinghardheavylaboriouspunishingrigorousseverestrenuoustaxingtoilsometoughtryingwearing

   الأضداد: easylightsimpletrivialundemanding

3. Mentally challenging B2 formal

   Requiring significant mental effort, skill, or concentration to accomplish.

   • Writing a thesis is an arduous intellectual task.
   • The puzzle was so arduous that few could solve it.
   • Learning a new language can be an arduous but rewarding experience.

   ruУмственно сложныйesDifícil mentalmentefrDifficile sur le plan intellectueldeGeistig anspruchsvollptMentalmente difícilzh脑力艰巨的arشاقّ ذهنيًا

   المرادفات: challengingdemandingdifficultformidablehardrigoroustaxingtough

• more arduous comparative form
• most arduous superlative form