friction

• قوة مقاومة تنشأ عند تحرك جسم على سطح جسم آخر؛ كما تدل على الخلاف أو التوتر أو الاحتكاك بين الأشخاص.

The resistance encountered when one surface or object moves against another; also, conflict or disagreement between individuals or groups.

1. The resistance occurring when one surface or object moves against another.B1formalscientific

   A physical force that opposes the relative motion of two contacting surfaces, converting kinetic energy into heat and often resulting in wear. It is a fundamental concept in mechanics and a key factor in engineering applications such as brakes and tires.

   المقاومة الناشئة عن حركة سطح على آخر

   • The rough surface created more force opposing motion, slowing the sled.
   • Engineers test tire compounds to reduce the opposing force on the track.
   • Lubricants are designed to minimize the resistance between moving machine parts.
   • Without enough grip from the opposing force, the car skidded on the icy road.
   • The brakes use this opposing force to convert motion into heat and stop the vehicle.

   المرادفاتabrasionattritiondraggratingresistancerubbingscraping

2. Conflict or disagreement between people, often due to clashing views or personalities.B2formal

   Tension, discord, or animosity that arises from incompatible interests, opinions, or temperaments, leading to strained relations and hindered cooperation. It can occur in families, workplaces, or international relations.

   الخلاف أو التنازع بين الأشخاص، غالبًا بسبب تضارب الآراء أو الشخصيات.

   • The long-running rivalry caused constant disputes between the two departments.
   • The new policy generated a lot of tension among the staff.
   • Despite their public smiles, there was underlying discord in the negotiations.
   • Family gatherings often spark clashes between the younger and older generations.
   • The partners tried mediation to resolve the tensions that had built over the project.

   المرادفاتacrimonyanimositybad bloodconflictdisagreementdiscorddissensionhostilityill willrancorstrifetension

   الأضدادaccordagreementconcordcooperationharmonypeace