harshness

• اسم يدل على صفة الخشونة أو القسوة أو الشدة في التعامل أو الملمس أو المذاق أو الصوت، وما يسبب الأذى للحواس أو المشاعر.

A noun referring to the quality of being rough, unpleasant to the senses, cruel, or excessively stern.

غير معدود

1. Physical roughnessB2formal

   The quality of a surface being coarse or abrasive, capable of causing friction or damage when touched.

   خشونة السطح

   • The harshness of the sandpaper wore down the wood quickly.
   • He could feel the harshness of the stone wall against his palm.
   • The harshness of the desert terrain made travel difficult.

   المرادفاتabrasivenessasperitycoarsenessroughnessscratchinessunevenness

   الأضدادgentlenessmildnesssmoothnesssoftness

2. Unpleasant sensory qualityB2formal

   The property of being disagreeable to the senses, such as a grating sound, a bitter taste, or a glaring light.

   خشونة الحس

   • The harshness of the alarm clock jolted her awake.
   • He winced at the harshness of the lemon juice on his cut.
   • The harshness of the fluorescent lighting gave everyone a headache.

   المرادفاتacriditybitternessgratingraspingroughnessshrillnessstridency

   الأضدادgentlenessmellownesssoftnesssweetness

3. Cruelty or severityB2formal

   The quality of being unkind, strict, or severe in manner or treatment, often creating tension or discomfort.

   القَسْوَة

   • The harshness of his criticism left her feeling humiliated.
   • The teacher's harshness intimidated the younger students.
   • She could not tolerate the harshness of the workplace culture.

   المرادفاتausteritybrutalitycrueltyhardnessrigourseveritysternnessstrictnessunkindness

   الأضدادgentlenesskindnessleniencymildnesssoftness

4. Excessive sternnessC1formal

   An extreme degree of strictness or inflexibility, often lacking compassion or leniency.

   القَسْوَة

   • The harshness of the judge's sentence was criticized by activists.
   • Living under such harshness, the prisoners despaired.
   • The manager's harshness drove away several talented employees.

   المرادفاتausterityhardnessinflexibilityrelentlessnessrigidityseveritysternnessstrictness

   الأضدادclemencyforbearancegentlenessindulgenceleniencymildnesspermissivenesssoftness