smut

• Существительное с несколькими значениями: может обозначать чёрное углеродистое вещество, используемое в пигментах и чернилах; грибковое заболевание злаковых растений; или, чаще всего, оскорбительный, непристойный или откровенно сексуальный материал, такой как слова, изображения или фильмы.

A noun with multiple meanings: it can refer to a black carbon substance used in pigments and ink; a fungal disease affecting cereal plants; or, more commonly, offensive, indecent, or sexually explicit material such as words, pictures, or films.

uncountable

1. Soot or dirtB2formal

   A black, powdery or colloidal substance, primarily composed of amorphous carbon, often used in making pigments and ink.

   Сажа

   • The old chimney was covered in a layer of smut.
   • Artists once used smut to create a deep black pigment.
   • The factory's smoke left smut on the windowsills.

   Synonymscarbon blackdirtgrimelampblacksmudgesoot

   Antonymscleanlinesspurity

2. Plant diseaseC1formal

   A destructive fungal disease affecting cereal grasses, characterized by black, powdery masses of spores on the plant.

   Головня

   • The wheat crop was devastated by smut this season.
   • Farmers use fungicides to prevent smut in their fields.
   • Smut can significantly reduce grain yields if left untreated.

   Synonymsbrandbunt

3. Fungal organismC1formal

   Any fungus belonging to the order Ustilaginales, which causes smut disease in plants.

   Головня

   • The biologist identified the fungus as a type of smut.
   • Smut fungi have a complex life cycle involving host plants.
   • Research on smut helps in developing resistant crop varieties.

   Synonymssmut fungus

4. Obscene languageB2informal

   An offensive, indecent, or vulgar word or phrase.

   Непристойность

   • The comedian's routine was full of smut and crude jokes.
   • He was criticized for using smut in his speech.
   • The book was banned for containing smut.

   Synonymsbawdrydirtfilthindecencylewdnessobscenityprofanityribaldryscurrilityvulgarity

5. Sexually explicit materialB2informal

   Creative works, such as writing, pictures, or films, that lack literary or artistic value and are intended solely to stimulate sexual desire.

   Порнография

   • The magazine was dismissed as nothing but smut.
   • Some people argue that certain films are just smut.
   • The library refused to stock materials considered smut.

   Synonymsfilthobscenitypornpornopornography

• Глагол, означающий делать что-то грязным, закопченным или непристойным; также используется как существительное, обозначающее непристойный материал.

A verb meaning to make something dirty, sooty, or obscene; also used as a noun referring to obscene material.

1. Make obsceneC1informal

   To make something obscene or indecent, often by adding sexual content.

   Осквернять непристойностью

   • The editor smutted the original story to appeal to a different audience.
   • He was accused of smutting the film with unnecessary scenes.
   • They smutted the lyrics to make them more provocative.

   Synonymseroticizesexualize

   Antonymscleansepurifysanctify

2. Stain with a dirty substanceB2formal

   To mark or stain something with a dirty substance, such as soot or grime.

   Запачкать

   • The chimney sweep smutted his hands with soot.
   • She accidentally smutted her white dress with charcoal.
   • The old factory walls were smutted with years of pollution.

   Synonymsbefoulbegrimedirtysmearsmudgesoilsullytarnish

3. Become affected with smutC1formalscientific

   To become infected or affected by smut, a fungal disease that affects plants, especially grains.

   Заболеть головнёй

   • The corn crop began to smut after the heavy rains.
   • Farmers worry when their wheat starts to smut.
   • The barley smutted quickly in the damp conditions.

4. Affect with smut or mildewC1formalscientific

   To infect a crop, such as corn, with smut or mildew, causing damage.

   Поражать головнёй

   • The fungus smutted the entire field of corn.
   • Prolonged humidity can smut the wheat harvest.
   • They used a fungicide to prevent the disease from smutting the crops.

   Synonymsblightinfectmildewtaint