chalk

A soft, white, porous sedimentary rock, or a stick of this material used for writing or drawing on blackboards or sidewalks.

ruМягкая, белая, пористая осадочная порода или палочка из этого материала, используемая для письма или рисования на досках или тротуарах.esRoca sedimentaria blanda, blanca y porosa, o una barrita de este material u otro similar, que se usa para escribir o dibujar en pizarras o en el suelo.frRoche sédimentaire blanche, tendre et poreuse, ou bâtonnet de cette matière utilisé pour écrire ou dessiner sur des tableaux ou des trottoirs.deWeiches, weißes, poröses Sedimentgestein oder ein Stück dieses Materials, das zum Schreiben oder Zeichnen auf Tafeln oder Gehwegen verwendet wird.ptRocha sedimentar macia, branca e porosa, ou um bastão feito desse material, usado para escrever ou desenhar em quadros ou calçadas.zh白色、柔软、多孔的沉积岩（白垩），也指用这种材料制成的、用于在黑板或地面上书写或绘画的笔状物。arمادة طبيعية بيضاء هشة مسامية تتكون أساسًا من كربونات الكالسيوم، تُستخدم في الكتابة والرسم على السبورات والأرصفة، وكذلك القطعة الصغيرة من هذه المادة المخصصة للكتابة.

1. Writing material A1 formal

   A soft white or colored stick used for writing or drawing on blackboards or sidewalks.

   • The teacher picked up a piece of chalk and wrote on the board.
   • Children drew colorful pictures with sidewalk chalk.
   • He broke the chalk while writing on the blackboard.

   ruМелestizafrCraie (pour écrire)deKreideptGizzh粉笔arطباشير

2. Rock type B1 formal

   A soft, white, porous sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate.

   • The cliffs of Dover are made of white chalk.
   • Chalk is often used in agriculture to neutralize acidic soil.
   • Geologists studied the chalk deposits in the region.

   ruМелesCretafrCraie (roche)deKreideptGizzh白垩arالطباشير

• chalks plural form
• chalks' possessive plural form
• chalk's possessive singular form

A verb meaning to write, draw, or mark with chalk, or to attribute something to a cause (often used in phrasal verbs like 'chalk up').

ruГлагол, означающий писать, рисовать или отмечать мелом, или приписывать что-либо причине (часто используется в фразовых глаголах, таких как 'chalk up').esVerbo que significa escribir, dibujar o marcar con tiza, o atribuir algo a una causa (a menudo usado en verbos frasales como 'chalk up').frVerbe signifiant écrire, dessiner ou marquer à la craie, ou attribuer quelque chose à une cause (souvent utilisé dans des verbes à particule comme 'chalk up').deVerb, das bedeutet, mit Kreide zu schreiben, zu zeichnen oder zu markieren, oder etwas einer Ursache zuzuschreiben (oft in Wendungen wie 'chalk up').ptVerbo que significa escrever, desenhar ou marcar com giz, ou atribuir algo a uma causa (comum em expressões como 'chalk up').zh动词，指用粉笔写、画或做标记；也指把某事归因于某个原因（常用于短语动词，如 chalk up）。arفعل يعني الكتابة أو الرسم أو التأشير بالطباشير، أو نَسب شيء ما إلى سبب ما (يُستخدم غالبًا في الأفعال المركبة مثل 'chalk up').

1. Write or draw with chalk A2 formal

   To write, draw, or mark something using a piece of chalk.

   • The teacher chalked the equation on the blackboard.
   • He chalked a hopscotch grid on the pavement.
   • She chalked the outline of the map on the wall.

   ruПисать меломesEscribir o dibujar con tizafrÉcrire ou dessiner à la craiedeMit Kreide schreibenptEscrever com gizzh用粉笔写arالكتابة بالطباشير

   Antonymes: eraserub

2. Attribute or explain B2 informal

   To attribute a result or situation to a particular cause (often used in the phrase 'chalk up to').

   • They chalked the failure up to lack of preparation.
   • She chalked her success up to hard work and determination.
   • We can chalk this mistake up to inexperience.

   ruПриписыватьesatribuirfrattribuerdeZuschreibenptAtribuirzh归因于arيعزو

   Synonymes: ascribeassignattributecreditimpute

3. Record or score B2 informal

   To record or achieve something, especially a score or success (often used in the phrase 'chalk up').

   • The team chalked up another victory this season.
   • He chalked up several impressive sales figures.
   • She chalked up a personal best in the marathon.

   ruЗаписывать или достигатьesAnotar o lograrfrmarquer (un point, un succès)deVerbuchen oder erreichenptRegistrar ou alcançarzh记录或取得arتسجيل أو تحقيق

   Synonymes: achieveattainearngainnotchrecordregisterscoretally

   Antonymes: forfeitlosemiss

• chalked past participle
• chalked past simple
• chalking present participle
• chalks third person singular

Variantes phrasal: chalk outchalk up