irritation

A noun referring to the state of being annoyed, a sudden outburst of anger, or an uncomfortable feeling of mental distress; it can also denote abnormal sensitivity to stimulation or the act of troubling someone.

ruСуществительное, обозначающее состояние раздражения, внезапную вспышку гнева или неприятное чувство душевного расстройства; также может обозначать аномальную чувствительность к стимуляции или действие, вызывающее беспокойство у кого-либо.esSustantivo que denota el estado de irritación, un arrebato repentino de enojo o una sensación desagradable de malestar emocional; también puede referirse a una sensibilidad anormal a la estimulación o a la acción de causar molestia a alguien.frNom désignant l'état de celui qui est irrité, une brusque manifestation de colère ou un sentiment désagréable de trouble; peut aussi désigner une sensibilité anormale à une stimulation ou l'action de provoquer chez quelqu'un un vif mécontentement.deZustand des Gereiztseins, der Verärgerung oder des Ärgers; auch eine unangenehme Reaktion oder Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Reizen.ptSubstantivo que designa o estado de irritação, uma explosão súbita de raiva ou um sentimento desagradável de perturbação emocional; também pode indicar sensibilidade anormal à estimulação ou uma ação que causa incômodo a alguém.zh指恼怒、烦躁的情绪或状态；也指令人恼火的事物，以及皮肤等部位的轻微发炎或过敏反应。arاسم يدل على حالة من الانزعاج أو الغضب المفاجئ أو الضيق النفسي، وقد يشير أيضًا إلى حساسية مفرطة أو تهيج في الجسم أو فعل يسبب الإزعاج.

1. State of annoyance B1 informal

   The feeling of being slightly angry or frustrated, often due to something persistent or bothersome.

   • His constant tapping caused me great irritation.
   • She tried to hide her irritation at the delay.
   • The buzzing fly was a source of growing irritation.

   ruРаздражениеesIrritación (estado de molestia)frIrritation (état d'agacement)deReizungptIrritaçãozh恼怒arالانزعاج

   Синонимы: aggravationannoyancechagrindispleasureexasperationfrustrationvexation

   Антонимы: calmnesscontentmentdelightpleasuresatisfaction

2. Sudden angry outburst B2 informal

   A brief, intense expression of annoyance or impatience.

   • In a moment of irritation, he snapped at his friend.
   • She felt a flash of irritation when he interrupted her.
   • His irritation boiled over into a shouting match.

   ruВспышка раздраженияesArrebato de irritaciónfrAccès de colère soudaindeWutausbruchptAcesso de irritaçãozh一阵恼怒arنوبة غضب

   Синонимы: blowuperuptionexplosionfitflare-upoutbursttantrum

3. Abnormal sensitivity (pathology) B2 formal medical

   A medical condition where tissues or nerves react excessively to stimuli, causing discomfort or pain.

   • The skin irritation cleared up with a soothing cream.
   • Eye irritation can result from exposure to smoke.
   • Chronic irritation of the stomach lining may lead to ulcers.

   ruРаздражение (патология)esIrritación patológicafrIrritation (sensibilité anormale)deReizung (Pathologie)ptIrritação (patologia)zh刺激反应（病理）arالتهيج (علم الأمراض)

   Синонимы: hypersensitivitysensitivitytenderness

4. Physiological arousal C1 formal scientific

   The activation of an organ, muscle, or nerve by an external stimulus, often measured in neural or electrical terms.

   • Nerve irritation can cause involuntary muscle twitching.
   • Electrical irritation of the heart muscle is used in pacemakers.
   • The doctor studied the irritation threshold of the nerve.

   ruРаздражениеesIrritación fisiológicafrExcitation physiologiquedeReizungptEstimulaçãozh刺激arالتهيّج

   Синонимы: activationexcitationstimulation

5. Mental distress B2 formal

   An uncomfortable feeling of emotional pain or unease, often less intense than outright suffering.

   • The constant criticism caused him deep irritation.
   • She felt a vague irritation in the back of her mind.
   • The unresolved conflict created a lingering irritation for both parties.

   ruДушевное беспокойствоesIrritación emocionalfrDétresse mentaledeSeelische UnruheptIrritação mentalzh心烦arانزعاج نفسي

   Синонимы: annoyancebotherchagrindiscomfortdispleasuredisquietexasperationperturbationuneasevexation

   Антонимы: calmcomfortcontentmenteasesoothing

6. Annoying behavior B1 informal

   Unfriendly or provocative actions that deliberately cause anger or resentment in others.

   • His constant irritation of his younger sister got him into trouble.
   • The teasing was meant as a playful irritation, but it hurt her feelings.
   • Minor irritations at work can build up over time.

   ruРаздражениеesprovocaciónfrprovocationdeProvokationptIrritaçãozh挑衅arالاستفزاز

   Синонимы: aggravationannoyanceharassmentpesteringprovocationtauntingteasingvexation

7. Act of troubling someone B1 informal

   The deliberate action of disturbing or bothering another person, often repeatedly.

   • He took pleasure in the irritation of his classmates.
   • The constant phone calls were an irritation to her daily routine.
   • Stop the irritation of the dog by teasing it.

   ruРаздражениеesacción de molestarfraction de contrarier quelqu'undeBelästigungptIrritaçãozh烦扰arإغاظة

   Синонимы: annoyancebotherationharassmentpesteringprovocationteasingvexation

   Антонимы: assistancecomfortsoothing

• irritations plural form
• irritations' possessive plural form
• irritation's possessive singular form