irritation

• Существительное, обозначающее состояние раздражения, внезапную вспышку гнева или неприятное чувство душевного расстройства; также может обозначать аномальную чувствительность к стимуляции или действие, вызывающее беспокойство у кого-либо.

A noun referring to the state of being annoyed, a sudden outburst of anger, or an uncomfortable feeling of mental distress; it can also denote abnormal sensitivity to stimulation or the act of troubling someone.

1. State of annoyanceB1informal

   The feeling of being slightly angry or frustrated, often due to something persistent or bothersome.

   Раздражение

   • His constant tapping caused me great irritation.
   • She tried to hide her irritation at the delay.
   • The buzzing fly was a source of growing irritation.

   Synonymsaggravationannoyancechagrindispleasureexasperationfrustrationvexation

   Antonymscalmnesscontentmentdelightpleasuresatisfaction

2. Sudden angry outburstB2informal

   A brief, intense expression of annoyance or impatience.

   Вспышка раздражения

   • In a moment of irritation, he snapped at his friend.
   • She felt a flash of irritation when he interrupted her.
   • His irritation boiled over into a shouting match.

   Synonymsblowuperuptionexplosionfitflare-upoutbursttantrum

3. Abnormal sensitivity (pathology)B2formalmedical

   A medical condition where tissues or nerves react excessively to stimuli, causing discomfort or pain.

   Раздражение (патология)

   • The skin irritation cleared up with a soothing cream.
   • Eye irritation can result from exposure to smoke.
   • Chronic irritation of the stomach lining may lead to ulcers.

   Synonymshypersensitivitysensitivitytenderness

4. Physiological arousalC1formalscientific

   The activation of an organ, muscle, or nerve by an external stimulus, often measured in neural or electrical terms.

   Раздражение

   • Nerve irritation can cause involuntary muscle twitching.
   • Electrical irritation of the heart muscle is used in pacemakers.
   • The doctor studied the irritation threshold of the nerve.

   Synonymsactivationexcitationstimulation

5. Mental distressB2formal

   An uncomfortable feeling of emotional pain or unease, often less intense than outright suffering.

   Душевное беспокойство

   • The constant criticism caused him deep irritation.
   • She felt a vague irritation in the back of her mind.
   • The unresolved conflict created a lingering irritation for both parties.

   Synonymsannoyancebotherchagrindiscomfortdispleasuredisquietexasperationperturbationuneasevexation

   Antonymscalmcomfortcontentmenteasesoothing

6. Annoying behaviorB1informal

   Unfriendly or provocative actions that deliberately cause anger or resentment in others.

   Раздражение

   • His constant irritation of his younger sister got him into trouble.
   • The teasing was meant as a playful irritation, but it hurt her feelings.
   • Minor irritations at work can build up over time.

   Synonymsaggravationannoyanceharassmentpesteringprovocationtauntingteasingvexation

7. Act of troubling someoneB1informal

   The deliberate action of disturbing or bothering another person, often repeatedly.

   Раздражение

   • He took pleasure in the irritation of his classmates.
   • The constant phone calls were an irritation to her daily routine.
   • Stop the irritation of the dog by teasing it.

   Synonymsannoyancebotherationharassmentpesteringprovocationteasingvexation

   Antonymsassistancecomfortsoothing