ration

• 名词，指固定配给的食物量，尤指给军人每日发放的口粮；也指在物资短缺时期限量分配的资源份额。

A noun referring to a fixed daily allowance of food, especially for military personnel, or a limited portion of a resource allotted during times of scarcity.

1. Daily food allowanceB1formal

   A fixed daily allowance of food, especially for military personnel or in emergency situations.

   每日口粮

   • Each soldier received a standard ration for the day.
   • The crew had to survive on emergency rations for a week.
   • During the war, civilians were given a limited ration of bread.

   同义词allocationallotmentallowancedoleportionprovisionquotashare

2. Fixed portion in scarcityB1formal

   A limited, fixed amount of something (such as food, fuel, or water) that people are allowed to have when there is not enough.

   定量

   • The government introduced a fuel ration during the crisis.
   • Each family was given a weekly ration of rice.
   • Water rations were strictly enforced in the drought-stricken region.

   同义词allocationallotmentallowanceportionquotashare

• 动词，表示对某物（尤其是食物或物资）的数量进行限制或控制，按份额定量分配。

A verb used to indicate the act of limiting or controlling the amount of something, especially food or supplies, that someone is allowed to have.

1. Restrict consumptionB2formal

   To limit the amount of something that people are allowed to have, especially when there is not enough.

   配给

   • During the war, the government rationed food and fuel.
   • Water was rationed during the severe drought.
   • The country had to ration electricity to prevent blackouts.

   同义词allocateapportionconservecontroldole outlimitparcel outrestrict

   反义词floodglutsatiatesurfeit

2. Distribute in fixed amountsB2formal

   To give out a fixed amount of something to each person, especially in a military or emergency context.

   定量配给

   • The sergeant rationed the supplies to the soldiers.
   • They rationed the remaining food among the survivors.
   • Each person was rationed one bottle of water per day.

   同义词allocateallotapportiondispensedistributedole outissuemete outportion out

   反义词accumulatehoardsquanderstockpilewithhold

短语动词变体ration out