secular

• 指与宗教或精神事务无关的；属于世俗或非神圣事务的。

Describes something that is not connected with religious or spiritual matters; relating to worldly or non-sacred affairs.

1. Non-religiousB2formal

   Not connected with religious or spiritual matters; relating to worldly affairs.

   世俗的

   • The country is a secular state with no official religion.
   • Secular education focuses on science and humanities.
   • The festival has both religious and secular traditions.

   同义词civilearthlylaymundaneprofanetemporalworldly

   反义词devoutholyreligioussacredspiritual

2. Long-term or ongoingC1formal

   Occurring or persisting over a long period of time, often used in economics or demographics.

   长期的

   • The economy is experiencing a secular decline in manufacturing.
   • Secular trends in population growth show a steady increase.
   • Analysts study secular changes in consumer behavior.

   同义词chronicenduringlong-runlong-termongoingpersistentsustained

• 形容词，指与宗教或精神事务无关的，常用于描述社会、制度或信仰等；也可指非宗教的、世俗的。

A noun referring to something that is not connected with religious or spiritual matters, often used in the context of society, institutions, or beliefs.

不可数

1. Non-religious personC1formal

   A person who is not bound by monastic vows or religious orders; a layperson.

   世俗人士

   • The monastery opened its doors to both clergy and seculars.
   • In medieval times, seculars often worked alongside monks.
   • The council included both religious leaders and seculars.

   同义词laiclaymanlayperson

   反义词clericmonknunpriest