temper

• 名词，指人的性情、脾气，尤其指容易发怒或急躁的倾向；也可指心情或情绪状态。

A noun referring to a person's state of mind or disposition, especially in terms of their tendency to become angry or irritable.

1. Tendency to become angryA2formal

   A person's state of mind regarding anger or irritability.

   脾气

   • He has a quick temper and gets angry easily.
   • She tried to control her temper during the argument.
   • His temper flared when he heard the bad news.

   同义词bad tempercholerirascibilityirritabilitypeevishnessshort tempersnappishnessspleentestiness

   反义词calmnesscomposureequanimitypeacefulnessplacidityserenity

2. Mood or dispositionB1formal

   A person's general mood or emotional state.

   脾气

   • She was in a good temper after receiving the compliment.
   • His temper changed suddenly when he saw the mess.
   • The weather put everyone in a foul temper.

   同义词dispositionframe of mindhumormoodnaturetemperament

3. State of a materialB2formaltechnical

   The degree of hardness, elasticity, or strength of a material, especially metal.

   回火

   • The steel was heated to the correct temper for forging.
   • The temper of the blade determines its sharpness.
   • Proper tempering gives the metal its desired temper.

   同义词conditionconsistencyelasticityhardnessqualitystrengthtoughness

• 动词，指通过调和、锻炼或调节使某物（如金属）达到理想状态，或指缓和、克制情绪等。

A verb used to indicate the act of moderating, hardening, or adjusting something, such as metal or one's emotions, to achieve a desired state or quality.

1. Moderate or HardenB2formal

   To make something less extreme or more resilient, often by adding a counterbalancing element.

   缓和或淬炼

   • Justice must be tempered with mercy.
   • The steel is tempered by heating and cooling it.
   • He tempered his criticism with praise.

   同义词alleviateannealassuagehardenmitigatemoderatequalifysoftenstrengthentone downtoughen

   反义词aggravateexacerbateheightenintensifysharpen

2. Adjust or TuneC1formal

   To bring something to a desired state or condition by adjusting it.

   调整

   • The musician tempered the piano strings for perfect pitch.
   • She tempered her voice to a calm tone.
   • The artist tempered the colors to achieve the right shade.

   同义词adjustattunebalancecalibratefine-tunemodulateregulatetune