ruffle

• Существительное, обозначающее полоску плиссированной или присборенной ткани, используемую в качестве декоративной отделки, высокий плотный воротник, или шумное возмущение или драку.

A noun referring to a strip of pleated or gathered fabric used as a decorative trim, a high tight collar, or a noisy disturbance or fight.

1. Decorative trimB1formal

   A strip of pleated or gathered fabric used as a decorative border on clothing or household items.

   Оборка

   • The dress had delicate ruffles along the hem.
   • She added a ruffle to the pillow for a softer look.
   • The blouse featured ruffles on the sleeves.

   Synonymsflouncefrillfurbelow

2. Historical collarB2formal

   A high, stiff, pleated collar worn in the 16th and 17th centuries, often made of lace or linen.

   Жабо

   • The portrait showed a nobleman in a large white ruffle.
   • Elizabethan fashion included elaborate ruffles around the neck.
   • The actor wore a ruffle to complete his historical costume.

   Synonymsfraiseruff

3. Noisy disturbanceB2informal

   A noisy or confused fight or quarrel.

   Шумная ссора

   • A ruffle broke out in the bar after midnight.
   • The argument escalated into a full-blown ruffle.
   • They got into a ruffle over a parking space.

   Synonymsbrawlcommotiondisturbancefracasrowuproar

   Antonymscalmpeacequiet

• Глагол, используемый для обозначения действия по нарушению гладкости или порядка чего-либо, такого как волосы, перья или поверхность, или для того, чтобы вызвать у кого-либо раздражение или замешательство.

A verb used to indicate the act of disturbing the smoothness or order of something, such as hair, feathers, or a surface, or to cause someone to become annoyed or flustered.

1. Disturb the surface of waterB2formal

   To cause ripples or small waves on the surface of a liquid.

   Взволновать поверхность воды

   • A gentle breeze ruffled the surface of the lake.
   • The duck ruffled the water as it swam by.
   • He threw a stone, ruffling the calm pond.

   Synonymsagitatedisturbrippleroilstir

   Antonymscalmsmoothstill

2. Annoy or upsetB2formal

   To cause someone to become annoyed, worried, or irritated.

   Раздражать или расстраивать

   • His rude comments ruffled her composure.
   • The delay ruffled the passengers' patience.
   • She was easily ruffled by criticism.

   Synonymsagitateannoybotherdiscomposedisturbflusterirritateperturbupsetvex

   Antonymscalmcomfortcomposereassuresoothe

3. Walk proudlyC1formal

   To walk with a confident, proud, or showy gait, often to impress others.

   Шествовать гордо

   • He ruffled into the room, expecting everyone to notice him.
   • The peacock ruffled across the lawn, displaying its feathers.
   • She ruffled down the street, turning heads.

   Synonymsparadeprancesashaystrutswagger

4. DiscomposeC1formal

   To disturb the calmness or order of someone or something.

   Взволновать

   • The unexpected news ruffled his usual calm demeanor.
   • Nothing seems to ruffle her, even in a crisis.
   • The chaotic scene ruffled the orderly routine.

   Synonymsagitatediscomposedisconcertflusterperturbshakenunsettleupset

   Antonymscalmcomposepacifyquietsettlesoothe

5. Twitch or flutterC1formal

   To move with a quick, slight, or irregular motion.

   Взъерошить

   • The bird ruffled its feathers nervously.
   • Her eyelids ruffled as she tried to stay awake.
   • The leaves ruffled in the light breeze.

   Synonymsflutterquiverrippletwitchvibrate

   Antonymscalmsettlesteadystill

6. Mix randomlyC1formal

   To mix or rearrange items in a random or disorderly way.

   Перемешать

   • He ruffled the papers on his desk, looking for the document.
   • The wind ruffled the pages of the book.
   • She ruffled the cards before dealing them.

   Synonymsdisarrangejumblemix upscrambleshuffle

   Antonymsarrangeordersort

Phrasal variantsruffle up