under

• Preposição e advérbio que indicam posição abaixo ou sob algo, ou quantidade inferior a um valor ou limite.

A preposition and adverb indicating a position lower than or below something else.

1. Located below or beneathA2formal

   Situated directly below or underneath something else.

   Inferior

   • The under layer of the cake was chocolate.
   • The under part of the table is scratched.
   • The under surface of the leaf is rough.

   Sinônimosbelowbeneathlowernetherunderneath

   Antônimosaboveover

2. Lower in rank or authorityB1formal

   Having a lower position in a hierarchy or being subordinate to someone.

   Subordinado

   • The under officers reported to the captain.
   • She was an under manager in the company.
   • The under staff followed the director's orders.

   Sinônimosinferiorjuniorlowersecondarysubalternsubordinatesubservient

   Antônimosaboveoversuperior

• Advérbio que significa 'em ou para uma posição mais baixa' ou 'abaixo de uma quantidade exigida'. Usado para indicar movimento para debaixo de algo ou estado abaixo de um determinado nível ou limite.

An adverb meaning 'in or to a lower position' or 'less than the required amount.' It is used to indicate movement below something or a state of being beneath a certain level or threshold.

1. Down to defeat, death, or ruinB2formal

   In a state of being overcome, destroyed, or brought to an end.

   Ao fracasso

   • The company went under due to financial mismanagement.
   • The old regime finally went under after years of protests.
   • He felt himself going under as the waves crashed over him.

   Sinônimosdownout

2. Through a range downwardB2formal

   Moving or extending through a sequence or scale from higher to lower.

   Para baixo

   • The prices for the items ranged from $10 and under.
   • Children aged 12 and under get a discount.
   • The temperature dropped to 10 degrees and under.

   Sinônimosdowndownwarddownwards

3. Into unconsciousnessB2informal

   Entering a state of sleep or lack of awareness, often due to anesthesia or exhaustion.

   Inconsciente

   • The patient went under for the surgery.
   • After the long day, he finally went under and slept deeply.
   • She was put under for the dental procedure.

   Sinônimosout

4. In or into a state of subordination or subjugationB2formal

   Being in a position of being controlled, dominated, or subjected to authority.

   Sob controle

   • The rebels were brought under by the government forces.
   • He kept his emotions under during the stressful meeting.
   • The new manager brought the chaotic department under.

5. Below some quantity or limitB1formal

   Less than a specified amount, number, or threshold.

   Abaixo de

   • The cost came in under budget.
   • The project was completed under the deadline.
   • The temperature fell under freezing point.

   Sinônimosbelowbeneath

   Antônimosover

6. Below the horizonB2formal

   In a position where something is hidden from view, especially the sun or moon.

   Abaixo do horizonte

   • The sun went under at 6 PM.
   • The moon was under, making the night very dark.
   • We watched the stars appear as the sun went under.

   Sinônimosbelowbeneathdown

   Antônimosaboveoverup

7. Down belowA2formal

   In a lower position or location, physically beneath something.

   Embaixo

   • The cat hid under the bed.
   • The treasure was buried under the old oak tree.
   • She looked under the table for her keys.

   Sinônimosbelowbeneathunderneath

   Antônimosaboveoverup

8. Further downB1formal

   In a position that is lower or deeper along a path, line, or sequence.

   Mais abaixo

   • The answer is listed further under in the document.
   • The village is located under the mountain pass.
   • Scroll under to see the next section.

   Sinônimosbelowbeneathunderneath

   Antônimosaboveover

• Preposição que indica posição inferior ou cobertura; também expressa menos de, idade inferior, condições, subordinação, conformidade e processo.

The preposition 'under' indicates a position below something, being covered by a surface, an amount less than a given value, an age younger than the one stated, a state caused by something, subordination to control, action according to a law or agreement, a process being undergone, the use of a pseudonym, or a place in a section of a book.

1. Position below somethingA1formal

   Indicates that something is located below another object, often touching or close to its lower surface.

   debaixo de

   • Have you looked under the bed?
   • The dog squeezed under the gate
   • She placed the ladder under the window

2. Beneath a surface / covered by somethingA2formal

   Indicates that something is beneath the surface of water, earth or another covering material.

   debaixo de, sob

   • The boat lay under several feet of water
   • Mushrooms grow under the leaves
   • The keys were buried under the sand

3. Less than / younger than (amount, age, time)A1formal

   Used for a value below a particular number, age or length of time.

   menos de, mais novo que, abaixo de

   • an annual income of under £10,000
   • Nobody under 18 is allowed to buy alcohol
   • It took us under an hour

4. Under the influence of / in a state ofB1formalmedical

   Indicates the state of a person or thing affected by a physical, emotional or medical factor.

   sob, sob efeito de, em estado de

   • The wall collapsed under the strain
   • I've been feeling under stress lately
   • You'll be under anaesthetic

5. Under the control / direction ofB1formalbusiness

   Indicates subordination to the authority, management or control of a person, organization or system.

   sob o comando de, sob controle de

   • The country is now under martial law
   • She has a staff of 19 working under her
   • Under its new conductor, the orchestra has improved

6. According to a law / agreementB2formallegal

   Used to refer to a legal document, an agreement, a system of rules or the terms of a guarantee.

   conforme, de acordo com, sob

   • A man was detained under the Mental Health Act
   • Under the terms of the lease you had no right to sublet
   • Is the television still under guarantee?