under

• 介词和副词，表示位置在下方或某物之下，也指数量、程度、年龄、标准等低于或少于。

A preposition and adverb indicating a position lower than or below something else.

1. Located below or beneathA2formal

   Situated directly below or underneath something else.

   下面的

   • The under layer of the cake was chocolate.
   • The under part of the table is scratched.
   • The under surface of the leaf is rough.

   同义词belowbeneathlowernetherunderneath

   反义词aboveover

2. Lower in rank or authorityB1formal

   Having a lower position in a hierarchy or being subordinate to someone.

   下属的

   • The under officers reported to the captain.
   • She was an under manager in the company.
   • The under staff followed the director's orders.

   同义词inferiorjuniorlowersecondarysubalternsubordinatesubservient

   反义词aboveoversuperior

• 副词，表示‘在或到较低的位置’或‘少于所需数量’。用于表示在某个东西下面移动，或处于某一水平或阈值之下。

An adverb meaning 'in or to a lower position' or 'less than the required amount.' It is used to indicate movement below something or a state of being beneath a certain level or threshold.

1. Down to defeat, death, or ruinB2formal

   In a state of being overcome, destroyed, or brought to an end.

   走向毁灭

   • The company went under due to financial mismanagement.
   • The old regime finally went under after years of protests.
   • He felt himself going under as the waves crashed over him.

   同义词downout

2. Through a range downwardB2formal

   Moving or extending through a sequence or scale from higher to lower.

   以下

   • The prices for the items ranged from $10 and under.
   • Children aged 12 and under get a discount.
   • The temperature dropped to 10 degrees and under.

   同义词downdownwarddownwards

3. Into unconsciousnessB2informal

   Entering a state of sleep or lack of awareness, often due to anesthesia or exhaustion.

   失去知觉

   • The patient went under for the surgery.
   • After the long day, he finally went under and slept deeply.
   • She was put under for the dental procedure.

   同义词out

4. In or into a state of subordination or subjugationB2formal

   Being in a position of being controlled, dominated, or subjected to authority.

   处于控制之下

   • The rebels were brought under by the government forces.
   • He kept his emotions under during the stressful meeting.
   • The new manager brought the chaotic department under.

5. Below some quantity or limitB1formal

   Less than a specified amount, number, or threshold.

   低于

   • The cost came in under budget.
   • The project was completed under the deadline.
   • The temperature fell under freezing point.

   同义词belowbeneath

   反义词over

6. Below the horizonB2formal

   In a position where something is hidden from view, especially the sun or moon.

   在地平线下

   • The sun went under at 6 PM.
   • The moon was under, making the night very dark.
   • We watched the stars appear as the sun went under.

   同义词belowbeneathdown

   反义词aboveoverup

7. Down belowA2formal

   In a lower position or location, physically beneath something.

   在下面

   • The cat hid under the bed.
   • The treasure was buried under the old oak tree.
   • She looked under the table for her keys.

   同义词belowbeneathunderneath

   反义词aboveoverup

8. Further downB1formal

   In a position that is lower or deeper along a path, line, or sequence.

   在下面

   • The answer is listed further under in the document.
   • The village is located under the mountain pass.
   • Scroll under to see the next section.

   同义词belowbeneathunderneath

   反义词aboveover

• 表示位置在下方、数量少于、年龄小于、处于某种条件或领导之下、依据某种标准、处于某种过程之中、伪装成某种身份或在某个章节中。

The preposition 'under' indicates a position below something, being covered by a surface, an amount less than a given value, an age younger than the one stated, a state caused by something, subordination to control, action according to a law or agreement, a process being undergone, the use of a pseudonym, or a place in a section of a book.

1. Position below somethingA1formal

   Indicates that something is located below another object, often touching or close to its lower surface.

   在……下面

   • Have you looked under the bed?
   • The dog squeezed under the gate
   • She placed the ladder under the window

2. Beneath a surface / covered by somethingA2formal

   Indicates that something is beneath the surface of water, earth or another covering material.

   在……下面，被覆盖

   • The boat lay under several feet of water
   • Mushrooms grow under the leaves
   • The keys were buried under the sand

3. Less than / younger than (amount, age, time)A1formal

   Used for a value below a particular number, age or length of time.

   少于，低于，不到

   • an annual income of under £10,000
   • Nobody under 18 is allowed to buy alcohol
   • It took us under an hour

4. Under the influence of / in a state ofB1formalmedical

   Indicates the state of a person or thing affected by a physical, emotional or medical factor.

   在……之下，处于……状态

   • The wall collapsed under the strain
   • I've been feeling under stress lately
   • You'll be under anaesthetic

5. Under the control / direction ofB1formalbusiness

   Indicates subordination to the authority, management or control of a person, organization or system.

   在……领导下，受……控制

   • The country is now under martial law
   • She has a staff of 19 working under her
   • Under its new conductor, the orchestra has improved

6. According to a law / agreementB2formallegal

   Used to refer to a legal document, an agreement, a system of rules or the terms of a guarantee.

   根据，按照，依据

   • A man was detained under the Mental Health Act
   • Under the terms of the lease you had no right to sublet
   • Is the television still under guarantee?