scraping

• Существительное, обозначающее фрагмент или маленький кусочек, соскобленный с поверхности, или резкий, скрежещущий звук, издаваемый при скоблении, или глубокий поклон с отведённой назад ногой как жест чрезмерного смирения.

A noun referring to a fragment or small piece scraped off a surface, or a harsh, grating sound produced by scraping, or a deep bow with the foot drawn back as a gesture of excessive humility.

1. Collected fragmentsB2formal

   Small pieces or fragments that have been scraped off a surface and gathered together.

   Соскобленные фрагменты

   • The chef saved the vegetable scrapings for making stock.
   • She collected the paint scrapings from the old door.
   • The archaeologist examined the scrapings from the ancient pot.

2. Harsh soundB1formal

   A rough, grating, or unpleasant noise produced by one surface rubbing against another.

   Скрежет

   • The scraping of chairs on the floor was unbearable.
   • I heard the scraping of metal against concrete outside.
   • The door made a loud scraping sound as it opened.

   Синонимыgratinggrindingraspingscratchscreech

3. Exaggerated bowC2formalbritish

   A deep, formal bow where one foot is drawn backward, often indicating excessive humility or mock respect.

   Шаркающий поклон

   • The butler gave a scraping bow as the guests entered.
   • He performed a scraping bow, which seemed almost sarcastic.
   • In old plays, servants often greet their masters with a scraping bow.

   Синонимыscrape

• Глагол, используемый для обозначения действия трения поверхности чем-то острым или шершавым, или сбора чего-либо с трудом.

A verb used to indicate the act of rubbing a surface with something sharp or rough, or to collect something with difficulty.

1. Scratch repeatedlyB1formal

   To rub a surface with a sharp or rough object, often causing damage or a mark.

   Царапать

   • The cat scraped its claws against the wooden door.
   • He scraped the paint off the wall with a knife.
   • She scraped the ice from the car windshield.

   Синонимыabradefilegrategrindraspscourscratchscuff

2. Make by scrapingB2formal

   To create something by rubbing or dragging a tool across a surface.

   Выцарапать

   • The artist scraped a design into the clay.
   • He scraped a hole in the ground with a stick.
   • She scraped a path through the snow.

   Синонимыgougehollow outscratch

3. Cut or wear away the surfaceB1formal

   To damage or remove the outer layer of something by rubbing against a rough surface.

   Содрать

   • He scraped his knee when he fell off the bike.
   • The car's bumper was scraped against the wall.
   • She scraped the skin off her elbow on the pavement.

   Синонимыabradegrategrazerasprubscratchscuffwear away

4. Bow in a servile mannerC2formalbritish

   To bend the knees and lower the body as a sign of respect or submission, often in an exaggerated way.

   Расшаркиваться

   • The servant scraped and bowed before the king.
   • He scraped obsequiously as the nobleman passed by.
   • They scraped and curtsied in the presence of the queen.

   Синонимыbowcurtsygenuflectgrovelkowtowsalaam

5. Gather resources togetherB2informal

   To collect money or other resources slowly and with difficulty, often over time.

   Собирать с трудом

   • They scraped together enough money to buy a used car.
   • She scraped up the funds for the trip by working extra shifts.
   • He scraped together a living from odd jobs.

   Синонимыcollectdredge upgathermusterrake upscrounge

   Антонимыlavishspendsquanderwaste

6. Bruise or injure the skinA2informal

   To cause a minor injury to the skin by rubbing or hitting against a rough surface.

   Ссадить

   • I scraped my hand on the brick wall.
   • She scraped her arm while climbing over the fence.
   • He scraped his shin on the edge of the table.

   Синонимыabradechafegrazescratchskin

Фразовые вариантыscrape alongscrape byscrape up