overburden

• 名词，指为开采煤层或矿床而必须剥离的表层土壤或岩石（覆盖层）；也指过重的负担或负荷。

A noun referring to the surface soil or rock that must be removed to access coal seams or mineral deposits, or an excessive load or burden.

1. Surface soil or rockC1formal

   The layer of soil, rock, or other material that lies above a mineral deposit or coal seam and must be removed to access it.

   覆盖层

   • The mining company removed the overburden to reach the coal seam.
   • Heavy machinery is used to strip away the overburden.
   • The thickness of the overburden determines the mining method.

   同义词burdencover

2. Excessive loadC1formal

   An excessive or overwhelming burden, either physical or metaphorical.

   过重负担

   • The new regulations placed an overburden on small businesses.
   • The emotional overburden of the situation made her feel exhausted.
   • He struggled under the overburden of debt.

   同义词albatrossburdenencumbranceexcessglutloadmillstoneoppressionpressurestrainsuperfluitysurfeitweight

• 动词，指给某人或某物施加过重的负担，如过重的重量、过多的工作或责任。

A verb used to indicate the act of loading or burdening someone or something with too much weight, work, or responsibility.

1. Burden with too much work or responsibilityB2formal

   To give someone more work or responsibility than they can handle.

   使负担过重

   • The manager overburdened her team with unrealistic deadlines.
   • Teachers are often overburdened with administrative tasks.
   • He felt overburdened by the demands of his job.

   同义词burdenencumberhamperload downoppressoverloadoverworkstraintaxweigh down

   反义词lightenrelieveunburden

2. Load with excessive weightB2formal

   To put too much physical weight on something or someone.

   使超载

   • The truck was overburdened with heavy cargo.
   • Don't overburden the shelf with too many books.
   • The bridge collapsed because it was overburdened.

   同义词burdenencumberoverchargeoverloadoverweightsaddletaxweigh down

   反义词disburdenlightenrelieveunburden