excess

• 表示数量超过所需、正常或允许的程度；多余的、超出的；也可指过度、过分。

Describes an amount that is more than necessary, usual, or allowed.

1. More than necessaryB2formal

   Being more than what is usual, allowed, or needed.

   过量的

   • The company had to dispose of excess inventory.
   • Excess weight can cause health problems.
   • He was charged for excess baggage at the airport.

   同义词extraredundantsparesuperfluoussurplus

   反义词deficientinadequateinsufficientscant

2. Extra or surplusB2formal

   Additional to what is required or expected.

   多余的

   • The government redistributed excess food to shelters.
   • She cut the excess fabric from the dress.
   • The budget includes funds for excess capacity.

   同义词additionalexcessiveextraredundantsparesuperfluoussurplus

   反义词deficientinadequateinsufficientmeagerscarce

• 指超过必要、允许或期望的数量或程度；也指过度、无节制的行为或状态。

A noun referring to an amount of something that is more than necessary, permitted, or desirable.

不可数

1. B1formal

   An amount of something that is more than necessary, permitted, or usual.

   过剩

   • The company had an excess of inventory after the holiday season.
   • Eating to excess can lead to health problems.
   • The budget had an excess of funds allocated to marketing.

   同义词glutoverabundanceoverageoversupplyplethoraprofusionsuperabundancesuperfluitysurfeitsurplus

   反义词dearthdeficitinsufficiencylackscarcityshortage

2. Extreme behaviorB2formal

   Behavior that goes beyond what is considered normal, proper, or moderate.

   过度行为

   • His excess of enthusiasm made him seem unprofessional.
   • The party was criticized for its excess of alcohol and noise.
   • She was known for her excess of generosity, often giving too much.

   同义词debaucherydissipationextravaganceimmoderationintemperanceoverindulgenceprofligacywantonness

   反义词moderationrestrainttemperance