refinement

A noun referring to the process of improving something by making small changes, or the quality of being elegant, polished, or sophisticated.

ruСуществительное, обозначающее процесс улучшения чего-либо путем внесения небольших изменений, или качество быть элегантным, отточенным или утонченным.esSustantivo que designa el proceso de mejorar algo mediante pequeños cambios, o la cualidad de ser elegante, pulido o refinado.frNom désignant le processus d'amélioration de quelque chose par de petites modifications, ou la qualité d'être élégant, soigné ou raffiné.deSubstantiv, das den Prozess der Verbesserung von etwas durch kleine Änderungen bezeichnet, oder die Eigenschaft, elegant, geschliffen oder kultiviert zu sein.ptSubstantivo que designa o processo de melhorar algo por meio de pequenas alterações, ou a qualidade de ser elegante, apurado ou requintado.zh名词，指通过细微改动使某物得到改进的过程，或指优雅、精炼、高雅的品质。arاسم يدل على عملية تحسين شيء ما بإدخال تغييرات صغيرة عليه، أو على صفة الرقي والأناقة والإتقان.

1. Improvement or polish B2 formal

   The process of making something more precise, effective, or elegant.

   • The software underwent several refinements before release.
   • Her writing style shows great refinement over the years.
   • The design needs further refinement to meet the client's expectations.

   ruУлучшение или доработкаesperfeccionamiento o pulidofrraffinementdeVerbesserung oder VerfeinerungptMelhoria ou refinamentozh改进或完善arتحسين أو تهذيب

   同义词: cultivationdelicacyeleganceenhancementfinenessimprovementpolishsophisticationsubtlety

   反义词: coarsenesscrudenessroughness

2. Cultural sophistication B2 formal

   Elegance, good taste, and polite manners.

   • He is a man of great refinement and culture.
   • The party was a display of social refinement.
   • Her speech reflected a level of refinement that impressed everyone.

   ruУтончённостьesRefinamiento culturalfrRaffinement cultureldeKultiviertheitptRequintezh修养arالرقيّ الثقافي

   同义词: breedingcivilitycultivationcultureelegancefinessegentilitygracepolishsophisticationtasteurbanity

   反义词: boorishnesscoarsenesscrudenessroughnessvulgarity

3. Purification C1 formal scientific

   The process of removing impurities or unwanted elements.

   • The refinement of crude oil produces gasoline and other products.
   • Sugar refinement involves several stages of filtration.
   • The laboratory specializes in the refinement of rare metals.

   ruОчисткаesRefinamiento (purificación)frraffinagedeReinigungptPurificaçãozh提纯arتنقية

   同义词: clarificationcleansingdistillationfiltrationpurification

   反义词: adulterationcontaminationcorruptionimpuritypollution

• refinements plural form
• refinements' possessive plural form
• refinement's possessive singular form