soil

• اسم يشير إلى الطبقة العليا من سطح الأرض التي تنمو فيها النباتات، وتتكون من خليط من المواد العضوية والمعادن والجزيئات الصخرية. كما يُستخدم مجازًا للإشارة إلى الأرض أو الإقليم أو الوطن.

A noun referring to the upper layer of earth in which plants grow, consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles.

غير معدود

1. Earth or groundA2formal

   The top layer of the earth's surface in which plants grow, consisting of rock and mineral particles mixed with organic matter.

   تربة

   • The farmer tilled the soil before planting the seeds.
   • Rich, dark soil is ideal for growing vegetables.
   • The soil in this region is very sandy.

   المرادفاتdirtearthgroundloamtopsoil

2. Territory or landB2formal

   A particular country or region, often used in a political or poetic context.

   الأرض

   • He longed to return to his native soil.
   • The soldiers fought to defend their country's soil.
   • The treaty was signed on foreign soil.

   المرادفاتcountrygroundhomelandlandnative landterritory

• فعل يُستخدم للدلالة على تلويث شيء ما أو اتساخه، غالبًا بالطين أو السخام أو مواد أخرى.

A verb used to indicate the act of making something dirty, or to become dirty, often with mud, grime, or other substances.

1. Make dirtyB1formal

   To make something dirty, especially with mud, dirt, or waste.

   تلويث

   • The children soiled their clothes while playing in the garden.
   • He accidentally soiled the carpet with red wine.
   • The dog soiled the floor after coming in from the rain.

   المرادفاتbefoulbesmirchcontaminatedirtymuddypollutesmudgestainsullytarnish

   الأضدادcleanpurifywash

2. Damage reputationB2formal

   To spoil or damage someone's reputation or honor.

   تلطيخ السمعة

   • The scandal soiled his reputation in the community.
   • False accusations can soil a person's good name.
   • She refused to soil her integrity by lying.

   المرادفاتbesmirchblackendefamedisgracedishonorsmearstainsullytainttarnish

   الأضدادdignifyelevateexaltglorifyhonorrespectuphold