soil

• 名词，指地球表面能生长植物的疏松表层，由矿物质、有机质、水分、空气和微生物等组成。也泛指土地、国土或某种类型的土壤。

A noun referring to the upper layer of earth in which plants grow, consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles.

不可数

1. Earth or groundA2formal

   The top layer of the earth's surface in which plants grow, consisting of rock and mineral particles mixed with organic matter.

   土壤

   • The farmer tilled the soil before planting the seeds.
   • Rich, dark soil is ideal for growing vegetables.
   • The soil in this region is very sandy.

   同义词dirtearthgroundloamtopsoil

2. Territory or landB2formal

   A particular country or region, often used in a political or poetic context.

   土地

   • He longed to return to his native soil.
   • The soldiers fought to defend their country's soil.
   • The treaty was signed on foreign soil.

   同义词countrygroundhomelandlandnative landterritory

• 动词，指弄脏某物或使某物变脏，通常是用泥土、烟灰或其他物质污染。

A verb used to indicate the act of making something dirty, or to become dirty, often with mud, grime, or other substances.

1. Make dirtyB1formal

   To make something dirty, especially with mud, dirt, or waste.

   弄脏

   • The children soiled their clothes while playing in the garden.
   • He accidentally soiled the carpet with red wine.
   • The dog soiled the floor after coming in from the rain.

   同义词befoulbesmirchcontaminatedirtymuddypollutesmudgestainsullytarnish

   反义词cleanpurifywash

2. Damage reputationB2formal

   To spoil or damage someone's reputation or honor.

   玷污名誉

   • The scandal soiled his reputation in the community.
   • False accusations can soil a person's good name.
   • She refused to soil her integrity by lying.

   同义词besmirchblackendefamedisgracedishonorsmearstainsullytainttarnish

   反义词dignifyelevateexaltglorifyhonorrespectuphold