hard

• 形容物体坚硬、牢固，不易变形、弯曲或破坏；也用来形容事情困难、复杂，难以完成或理解。

Describes something that is solid, firm, and not easily broken or bent; also used to describe something that is difficult to do or understand.

1. Firm and solidA1formal

   Not easily broken, bent, or pierced; solid and firm to the touch.

   硬的

   • The ground is hard after the frost.
   • She sat on the hard wooden bench.
   • The diamond is one of the hardest materials known.

   同义词compactdensefirminflexiblerigidsolidstiffstrongtoughunyielding

   反义词flexiblepliablesofttenderyielding

2. DifficultA1formal

   Requiring a lot of effort, skill, or intelligence to do or understand.

   困难的

   • The math exam was very hard.
   • It's hard to learn a new language quickly.
   • He found the job hard but rewarding.

   同义词arduousburdensomechallengingdemandingdifficultexactingformidablelaboriousonerousrigorousstrenuoustaxingtoughtrying

   反义词easyeffortlessfacilesimpletrivial

3. Full of effortA2formal

   Involving a lot of physical or mental effort.

   艰难的

   • She did hard work in the garden all day.
   • He is a hard worker and never complains.
   • Running a marathon is hard work.

   同义词arduousbackbreakingdemandingdifficultexhaustinggruelinglaboriousstrenuoustiringtough

   反义词easyeffortlesslightsimpletrivial

4. Severe or harshB1formal

   Unpleasant, strict, or difficult to deal with.

   严厉的

   • The winter was hard for the farmers.
   • He gave her a hard look.
   • The teacher was hard on the students who didn't study.

   同义词difficultgrimharshoppressiverigorousseveresternstricttoughunrelenting

   反义词easygentlekindlenientmildsoft

5. Using forceA2informal

   Done with a lot of force or energy.

   用力的

   • He gave the ball a hard kick.
   • She hit the table hard with her fist.
   • The wind blew hard all night.

   同义词forcefulheavyintensemightypowerfulstrongvigorousviolent

   反义词gentlelightmildsoft

• 副词，表示用很大力气、努力或强度去做某事，也可表示困难地。与形容词同形，无 -ly 后缀。

An adverb meaning 'with a great deal of effort, force, or intensity.' It is used to describe the manner of an action performed with energy or difficulty. The form is identical to the adjective and does not take the -ly ending.

1. With great effort or intensityA2formal

   In a way that requires a lot of physical or mental effort.

   努力地

   • She worked hard to finish the project on time.
   • He tried hard to solve the puzzle.
   • They fought hard for their rights.

   同义词arduouslydiligentlyearnestlyenergeticallyindustriouslyintenselylaboriouslypersistentlystrenuouslyvigorously

   反义词easilylightly

2. With force or violenceA2formal

   In a forceful or violent manner.

   用力地

   • He hit the ball hard.
   • The rain fell hard against the window.
   • She slammed the door hard.

   同义词fiercelyforcefullystronglyviolently

   反义词gentlylightlymildly

3. To a great degreeB1informal

   Used to emphasize the extent or degree of an action.

   极力

   • He laughed hard at the joke.
   • She was thinking hard about the problem.
   • They partied hard all night.

   同义词earnestlyforcefullyintenselyseverelystrenuouslystronglyvigorously