stained

• يصف شيئًا وُضعت عليه علامة أو تغيّر لونه، غالبًا بمادة يصعب إزالتها.

Describes something that has been marked or discolored, often by a substance that is difficult to remove.

1. Marked or discoloredA2formal

   Having a mark or discoloration that is difficult to remove.

   ملطخ

   • The white shirt was stained with red wine.
   • The carpet is stained from years of use.
   • His hands were stained with ink after writing.

   المرادفاتblemishedblotcheddirtysoiledspotted

   الأضدادcleanimmaculatespotlessunstained

2. Damaged reputationB2formal

   Having a reputation that is tarnished or spoiled.

   مُشَوَّه السُّمْعَة

   • His stained reputation made it hard to find a job.
   • The scandal left her name stained in the community.
   • A stained past can affect future opportunities.

   المرادفاتblemisheddefiledsoiledtainted

   الأضدادesteemedhonoredrespected

• فعل يُستخدم للإشارة إلى إحداث علامة أو تغيير اللون في شيء ما، أو وضع مادة ملونة على سطح.

A verb used to indicate the act of marking or discoloring something, or applying a coloring agent to a surface.

1. Color with a liquid dye or tintB1formal

   To apply a coloring agent, such as dye or pigment, to a surface, typically wood or fabric.

   تلوين بالصباغ

   • He stained the wooden table a rich mahogany color.
   • She stained the fabric with a natural plant-based dye.
   • The carpenter stained the new bookshelf to match the existing furniture.

   المرادفاتcolordyeimbuetingetint

   الأضدادbleachwhiten

2. Produce or leave stainsA2formal

   To cause a mark or discoloration that is difficult to remove.

   ترك البقع

   • Red wine stains the carpet easily.
   • The grass stains on his jeans were hard to wash out.
   • Be careful, the ink from this pen stains your fingers.

   المرادفاتblemishblotdiscolormarksmudgesoilspottarnish

   الأضدادbleachcleanpurifywhiten

3. Make dirty or spottyB2formal

   To spoil the appearance of something by leaving a mark; can also be used metaphorically to mean tarnish a reputation.

   لوّث

   • The scandal stained his otherwise spotless career.
   • The rain stained the freshly painted wall.
   • Her reputation was stained by the false accusations.

   المرادفاتbesmirchblemishblotchdirtydiscolorsmudgesoilspotsullytarnish

   الأضدادcleanpurify

4. Color for microscopic studyC1formalscientific

   To apply a special dye to biological specimens to make structures visible under a microscope.

   تلوين العينات المجهرية

   • The biologist stained the tissue sample to highlight the cell nuclei.
   • To identify the bacteria, the lab technician stained the slide.
   • Different stains are used to visualize various cellular components.

   المرادفاتcolordyetingetint