ruffle

• Nom désignant une bande de tissu plissée ou froncée utilisée comme garniture décorative, un col haut et rigide, ou un trouble bruyant ou une bagarre.

A noun referring to a strip of pleated or gathered fabric used as a decorative trim, a high tight collar, or a noisy disturbance or fight.

1. Decorative trimB1formal

   A strip of pleated or gathered fabric used as a decorative border on clothing or household items.

   Volant

   • The dress had delicate ruffles along the hem.
   • She added a ruffle to the pillow for a softer look.
   • The blouse featured ruffles on the sleeves.

   Synonymesflouncefrillfurbelow

2. Historical collarB2formal

   A high, stiff, pleated collar worn in the 16th and 17th centuries, often made of lace or linen.

   Fraise (col)

   • The portrait showed a nobleman in a large white ruffle.
   • Elizabethan fashion included elaborate ruffles around the neck.
   • The actor wore a ruffle to complete his historical costume.

   Synonymesfraiseruff

3. Noisy disturbanceB2informal

   A noisy or confused fight or quarrel.

   échauffourée

   • A ruffle broke out in the bar after midnight.
   • The argument escalated into a full-blown ruffle.
   • They got into a ruffle over a parking space.

   Synonymesbrawlcommotiondisturbancefracasrowuproar

   Antonymescalmpeacequiet

• Verbe désignant l'action de déranger la douceur ou l'ordre de quelque chose, comme des cheveux, des plumes ou une surface, ou de provoquer chez quelqu'un de l'irritation ou de la confusion.

A verb used to indicate the act of disturbing the smoothness or order of something, such as hair, feathers, or a surface, or to cause someone to become annoyed or flustered.

1. Disturb the surface of waterB2formal

   To cause ripples or small waves on the surface of a liquid.

   Rider la surface de l'eau

   • A gentle breeze ruffled the surface of the lake.
   • The duck ruffled the water as it swam by.
   • He threw a stone, ruffling the calm pond.

   Synonymesagitatedisturbrippleroilstir

   Antonymescalmsmoothstill

2. Annoy or upsetB2formal

   To cause someone to become annoyed, worried, or irritated.

   Agacer, contrarier, déranger

   • His rude comments ruffled her composure.
   • The delay ruffled the passengers' patience.
   • She was easily ruffled by criticism.

   Synonymesagitateannoybotherdiscomposedisturbflusterirritateperturbupsetvex

   Antonymescalmcomfortcomposereassuresoothe

3. Walk proudlyC1formal

   To walk with a confident, proud, or showy gait, often to impress others.

   marcher avec fierté

   • He ruffled into the room, expecting everyone to notice him.
   • The peacock ruffled across the lawn, displaying its feathers.
   • She ruffled down the street, turning heads.

   Synonymesparadeprancesashaystrutswagger

4. DiscomposeC1formal

   To disturb the calmness or order of someone or something.

   Décontenancer

   • The unexpected news ruffled his usual calm demeanor.
   • Nothing seems to ruffle her, even in a crisis.
   • The chaotic scene ruffled the orderly routine.

   Synonymesagitatediscomposedisconcertflusterperturbshakenunsettleupset

   Antonymescalmcomposepacifyquietsettlesoothe

5. Twitch or flutterC1formal

   To move with a quick, slight, or irregular motion.

   Tressaillir ou frémir

   • The bird ruffled its feathers nervously.
   • Her eyelids ruffled as she tried to stay awake.
   • The leaves ruffled in the light breeze.

   Synonymesflutterquiverrippletwitchvibrate

   Antonymescalmsettlesteadystill

6. Mix randomlyC1formal

   To mix or rearrange items in a random or disorderly way.

   Mélanger au hasard

   • He ruffled the papers on his desk, looking for the document.
   • The wind ruffled the pages of the book.
   • She ruffled the cards before dealing them.

   Synonymesdisarrangejumblemix upscrambleshuffle

   Antonymesarrangeordersort

Variantes phrasalruffle up