grinding

• 形容磨擦时刺耳的声音；也形容令人疲惫、单调、没完没了或严酷无情的事物，如繁重的工作或贫困的生活。

Describes something that is harsh, grating, or relentless; often used to describe a difficult or monotonous situation.

1. Continuous and oppressiveC1formal

   Describing a situation that is relentless, harsh, and causes exhaustion or suffering.

   折磨人的

   • The grinding poverty in the region is heartbreaking.
   • He endured the grinding routine of the factory work.
   • The grinding pressure of the job led to his burnout.

   同义词burdensomecrushingexhaustingharshoppressiverelentlessunrelentingwearing

   反义词easygentlelenientlightmild

2. Harsh and monotonousB2informal

   Describing a sound or action that is rough, repetitive, and unpleasant.

   刺耳单调的

   • The grinding noise from the engine was unbearable.
   • She could hear the grinding sound of metal against metal.
   • The grinding rhythm of the old machine kept him awake.

   同义词discordantdroninggratingharshjarringmonotonousraspingstrident

   反义词harmoniousmelodiouspleasantsmooth

• 指将某物磨碎成细小颗粒或粉末的动作或过程，也指持续、单调、常令人疲惫的活动。

A noun referring to the act or process of reducing something to small particles or powder by crushing or friction, or a continuous, monotonous, and often laborious activity.

不可数

1. Act of crushingB1formal

   The action of reducing something to small particles or powder by crushing or friction.

   研磨

   • The grinding of coffee beans fills the kitchen with aroma.
   • The machine is used for the grinding of spices.
   • He could hear the grinding of stones in the quarry.

   同义词abrasioncrushinggranulationgratingmillingpoundingpulverization

2. Monotonous hard workB2informal

   A difficult, repetitive, and tiring activity or routine.

   枯燥繁重的苦差事

   • The daily grinding of a nine-to-five job can be exhausting.
   • She was tired of the grinding of her routine.
   • The grinding of preparing for exams left him drained.

   同义词drudgerygrindlaborrat raceslogsweattoiltreadmill

• 动词，指通过碾压或摩擦将某物磨碎成细小的颗粒或粉末；也可表示刻苦用功或辛勤工作。

A verb used to indicate the act of reducing something to small particles or powder by crushing or friction, or to work or study with intense effort.

不规则动词

1. Crush into small piecesA2formal

   To reduce something to small particles or powder by rubbing or crushing.

   磨碎

   • She grinds coffee beans every morning for fresh coffee.
   • The mill grinds wheat into flour.
   • He ground the spices with a mortar and pestle.

   同义词crumbcrushgranulatemashmillpoundpowder

2. Work hard or monotonouslyB2informal

   To work or study with intense effort, often in a repetitive or tedious manner.

   刻苦努力

   • He grinds away at his homework every night.
   • She's been grinding for the final exams all week.
   • They grind through the same routine day after day.

   同义词drudgelaborplodslaveslogsweattoil

   反义词idleloafplayrelax

3. Rub or press harshlyB1formal

   To press or rub something against a surface with force, often causing friction or wear.

   用力摩擦或按压

   • The car's brakes ground against the metal.
   • He ground his teeth in frustration.
   • The gears grind loudly when they need oil.

   同义词abradecrunchgnashgrateraspscrapewear down

短语动词变体grind awaygrind downgrind out