spontaneous

• 形容行为或事件自然而然地发生，没有经过事先计划或外部强制。也可指人自发的、不由自主的或本能的反应。

Describes actions or events that happen naturally, without planning or external force.

1. Unplanned or impulsiveB2formal

   Happening or arising without apparent external cause; done naturally and without premeditation.

   自发的

   • They made a spontaneous decision to go on a road trip.
   • Her spontaneous laughter filled the room.
   • The crowd broke into spontaneous applause after the speech.

   同义词automaticextemporaneousimpromptuimpulsiveinstinctivenaturaloffhandunforcedunplannedunpremeditatedunstudied

   反义词calculatedcarefulconsidereddeliberateintentionalplannedpremeditatedstudied

2. Unrehearsed or improvisedB2formal

   Said or done without having been planned or written in advance.

   即兴的

   • He gave a spontaneous speech at the wedding.
   • The comedian's spontaneous jokes kept the audience laughing.
   • The performance was entirely spontaneous and unrehearsed.

   同义词ad-libextemporaneousimpromptuimprovisedoffhandunplannedunpreparedunrehearsed

   反义词calculateddeliberateintentionalplannedpremeditatedpreparedscripted