sophisticated

• يصف شيئًا معقدًا أو متطورًا أو راقيًا في التصميم أو التقنية أو الثقافة، كما يطلق على الشخص الواسع المعرفة أو ذي الذوق الرفيع.

Describes something that is complex, refined, or advanced in design, technology, or culture.

1. Cultured or refinedB2formal

   Having refined tastes, manners, or knowledge of culture and fashion.

   مُتَحَضِّر ذو ذوق رفيع

   • She is a sophisticated woman who enjoys opera and fine dining.
   • The hotel has a sophisticated atmosphere with elegant decor.
   • He has a sophisticated sense of style.

   المرادفاتcosmopolitancultivatedcultureddiscerningelegantpolishedrefinedsuaveurbaneworldly

   الأضدادnaiveprovincialunculturedunrefinedunsophisticated

2. Complex or advancedB2formal

   Highly developed, complex, or advanced in design, technology, or thinking.

   معقّد أو متقدّم

   • The software uses sophisticated algorithms to analyze data.
   • This is a sophisticated piece of engineering.
   • The argument requires a sophisticated understanding of economics.

   المرادفاتadvancedcomplexcomplicatedcutting-edgeelaboratehigh-techintricaterefinedstate-of-the-artsubtle

   الأضدادbasiccrudeelementaryprimitivesimpleunsophisticated

• فعل قديم يعني إفساد الشيء أو تزييفه أو جعله غير نقي أو أقل أصالة، غالبًا بخلطه بما هو أدنى جودة.

An archaic verb meaning to corrupt, adulterate, or make impure or less genuine, often by mixing with something inferior.

1. Make less natural or innocentC1formal

   To cause someone or something to lose natural simplicity or innocence, often through worldly experience or artificial refinement.

   إفقاد الطبيعة أو البراءة

   • The constant exposure to city life had sophisticated the young artist, making her work less naive.
   • He worried that the boarding school would sophisticate his son too quickly.
   • The process of marketing sophisticated the product's original, rustic appeal.

   المرادفاتcoarsencorruptdebasedegradedepraveperverttaint

   الأضدادsimplify

2. Practice sophistry; mislead or deceiveC2formal

   To use clever but false arguments or to be deliberately vague in order to deceive or mislead someone.

   المراوغة بالكلام

   • The politician sophisticated his statements to avoid giving a direct answer.
   • They sophisticated the data to make the results appear more favorable.
   • Instead of clarifying the issue, he sophisticated the meaning of the terms.

   المرادفاتbeguiledeceivedeludeequivocatefoolhoodwinkmisleadmisrepresentprevaricatequibble

3. Alter and make impure, often to deceiveC2formal

   To adulterate or tamper with something, such as a substance or product, with the intention to deceive or cheat.

   غشّ وتزييف

   • The wine was sophisticated with water and cheaper additives.
   • They sophisticated the gold by mixing it with other metals.
   • The laboratory discovered that the sample had been sophisticated to hide its true composition.

   المرادفاتadulteratecontaminatecorruptdebasedilutedoctortaintwater down

   الأضدادpurifyrefine

4. Make more complex or refinedC1formal

   To make something more intricate, developed, or elegant in design, function, or character.

   تعقيد أو تطوير

   • The engineers sophisticated the software to handle more complex calculations.
   • Over the years, the chef sophisticated his recipes with exotic ingredients.
   • The design was sophisticated to appeal to a more discerning clientele.

   المرادفاتcomplicatedevelopelaborateelevateenhanceimproveperfectpolishrefine

   الأضدادcoarsensimplify