fouled

• يصف شيئًا تلوث أو أفسد أو أصيب بالعدوى؛ ويُستعمل أيضًا في الرياضة لوصف الكرة التي خرجت خارج حدود الملعب.

Describes something that has been made dirty, impure, or contaminated; also used in sports to describe a ball that has been hit out of bounds.

1. Made dirty or impureB2formal

   Contaminated or made unclean, often with waste or harmful substances.

   مُلَوَّث

   • The river was fouled by industrial waste.
   • The air in the room was fouled by smoke.
   • The water supply was fouled by chemicals.

   المرادفاتadulteratedbefouledcontaminatedcorrupteddefiledimpurepollutedsoiledtainted

   الأضدادcleanpuresanitarysterileuncontaminated

2. Entangled or obstructedB2formal

   Caught or twisted in something, preventing free movement.

   متشابك أو معرقل

   • The ship's propeller was fouled by fishing nets.
   • The rope became fouled around the anchor.
   • The fishing line was fouled in the branches.

   المرادفاتcloggedentangledjammedobstructedsnarledtangledtwisted

   الأضدادclearfreeunobstructed

3. In sports: having committed a foulB1informal

   Describes a player who has broken the rules of a game.

   مرتكب خطأ

   • The player was fouled out of the game.
   • He was fouled while attempting a shot.
   • The referee called him fouled for the illegal tackle.

• فعل يُستخدم للدلالة على تلويث شيء ما أو تدنيسه، أو في الرياضة على ارتكاب مخالفة ضد الخصم.

A verb used to indicate the act of making something dirty, polluted, or impure, or in sports, committing an illegal action against an opponent.

1. Commit a foul in sportsB1formalsport

   To break the rules of a game by making an illegal move or contact.

   ارتكاب خطأ

   • The player fouled his opponent during the match.
   • He was penalized for fouling the striker in the penalty area.
   • The referee called a foul when the defender fouled the attacker.

2. Make dirty or polluteB2formal

   To make something dirty, impure, or contaminated.

   يلوّث

   • The factory's waste fouled the river.
   • Oil spills can foul the ocean for years.
   • The smoke from the fire fouled the air in the entire valley.

   المرادفاتbefoulbegrimebesmirchcontaminatedefilepollutesmearsoilstaintarnish

   الأضدادclarifycleanpurify

3. Entangle or obstructB2formal

   To cause something to become tangled or blocked.

   التشابك أو الإعاقة

   • The fishing line fouled around the propeller.
   • Debris fouled the engine, causing it to stop.
   • The rope fouled the anchor, preventing it from dropping.

   المرادفاتblockcatchclogentanglejamobstructsnarltangle

   الأضدادclearfreeunblock

الصيغ المركّبةfoul outfoul up