ruling

• يصف قرارًا رسميًا يصدره قاضٍ أو محكمة في قضية قانونية. ويُستعمل أيضًا لوصف شيء يمارس السلطة أو السيطرة أو هو الأكثر شيوعًا وتأثيرًا.

Describes an official decision made by a judge or court in a legal case.

1. Having authorityB2formal

   Exercising power or control over others; governing.

   حاكم

   • The ruling party won the election by a large margin.
   • He belongs to the ruling class of society.
   • The ruling monarch addressed the nation.

   المرادفاتauthoritativecommandingcontrollingdirectingdominantgoverningleadingpowerfulreigningsupreme

   الأضدادsubjectsubmissivesubordinate

2. Dominant or prevailingB2formal

   Most influential or common in a particular situation.

   المهيمن

   • English is the ruling language in international business.
   • Jazz was the ruling music genre in that era.
   • The ruling opinion among experts favors the new policy.

   المرادفاتchiefcontrollingdominantgoverningleadingmainpredominantprevailingprincipal

   الأضدادinferiorminorsecondarysubordinate

• اسم يشير إلى قرار رسمي أو حكم تصدره محكمة أو سلطة أو هيئة إدارية.

A noun referring to an official decision or judgment made by a court, authority, or governing body.

1. Court decisionB2formallegal

   An official decision made by a judge or court about a legal case.

   حُكْم قضائي

   • The judge issued a ruling in favor of the plaintiff.
   • The Supreme Court's ruling set a new precedent.
   • They are awaiting the final ruling on the appeal.

   المرادفاتadjudicationdecisiondecreefindingjudgmentorderpronouncementverdict

2. Governing or controlC1formal

   The act of governing or exercising authority over a group or country.

   حُكْم

   • The ruling class maintained power for decades.
   • The ruling party won the election by a landslide.
   • His family has a long history of ruling the region.

   المرادفاتadministrationauthoritycontroldirectiongovernancegovernmentmanagementregulationrulesovereignty

   الأضدادobediencesubmissionsubordination

• فعل يدل على ممارسة السلطة أو اتخاذ القرارات أو إدارة الأمر، ويشمل الحكم والتحكم ووضع القوانين.

A verb used to indicate exercising authority, making decisions, or governing.

1. Govern or controlB1formal

   To exercise authority or control over a country, organization, or people.

   حَكَمَ

   • The king ruled the kingdom wisely for many years.
   • She rules her company with a firm hand.
   • The president ruled the nation during a difficult time.

   المرادفاتadministercommandcontroldirectdominategovernleadmanageoverseereign

   الأضدادfollowobeyservesubmit

2. Decide officiallyB2formal

   To make an official decision or judgment, especially in a court of law.

   إصدار حكم

   • The judge ruled in favor of the defendant.
   • The court ruled the contract invalid.
   • The referee ruled it a foul play.

   المرادفاتadjudicatedecidedecreedeterminefindholdjudgepronounce

3. Be dominantB2informal

   To have a powerful influence or be the main feature.

   يهيمن

   • Fear ruled his heart after the accident.
   • Silence ruled the room during the announcement.
   • Greed rules the financial markets.

   المرادفاتdominatehold swaypredominateprevailreign

   الأضدادfollowobeysubmityield

الصيغ المركّبةrule inrule out