hardened

• يُستخدم لوصف شخص أو شيء أصبح قاسيًا أو قويًا أو أقل تأثرًا بالمشاعر أو الظروف نتيجة التجربة أو التعرض لعوامل معينة.

Describes someone or something that has become tough, strong, or less sensitive through experience or exposure.

1. Made hard or solidB1formal

   Having become hard or firm, often through a process like drying, cooling, or chemical change.

   متصلب

   • The concrete hardened overnight.
   • The hardened clay was used to make pottery.
   • The glue had hardened into a solid mass.

   المرادفاتbakedcrustedcureddriedfrozenrigidsetsolidifiedstiff

   الأضدادflexiblemalleablepliablesoftsoftened

2. Experienced and toughB2formal

   Having become tough, experienced, or less sensitive, especially through difficult experiences.

   مُتَصَلِّب

   • He is a hardened veteran of many wars.
   • She became hardened to the criticism over time.
   • The hardened detective had seen it all before.

   المرادفاتcase-hardenedexperiencedinuredseasonedtoughened

   الأضدادinnocentnaivesensitivesofttenderweak

3. Unrepentant or confirmedB2formal

   Firmly established in a particular, often negative, habit or state.

   متأصل في العادة

   • He is a hardened criminal with a long record.
   • She is a hardened cynic who trusts no one.
   • The hardened smoker found it impossible to quit.

   المرادفاتchronicconfirmedhabitualimpenitentincorrigibleinveterateunrepentant

   الأضدادcontritepenitentrepentantsofthearted

• فعل يُستخدم للدلالة على عملية becoming أو جعل شيء ما صلبًا أو متينًا أو مقاومًا، وكذلك للدلالة على قسوة القلب أو فقدان الرحمة أو زيادة الصرامة.

A verb used to indicate the process of becoming or making something hard, solid, or resistant, or of becoming less sympathetic or more severe.

1. Become solid or firmB1formal

   To become physically hard or solid, or to make something become hard.

   يتصلب

   • The cement will harden within a few hours.
   • Allow the glue to harden before moving the pieces.
   • The lava hardened into rock as it cooled.

   المرادفاتcakeclotcongealfreezesetsolidifystiffenthicken

   الأضدادdissolveliquefymeltsoften

2. Become tough or unfeelingB2formal

   To become more severe, strict, or less sympathetic.

   قسا قلبه

   • Years of disappointment hardened his heart.
   • The government hardened its stance on immigration.
   • She hardened herself against the criticism.

   المرادفاتcallousdesensitizeindurateinuretoughen

   الأضدادmellowrelentsoften

3. Strengthen or reinforceB2formal

   To make something stronger or more resistant.

   تقوية

   • The company hardened its security protocols after the breach.
   • Regular exercise hardens the muscles.
   • They hardened the steel to make it more durable.

   المرادفاتannealfortifyreinforcesolidifysteelstiffenstrengthentempertoughen

   الأضدادdebilitatesoftenundermineweaken