given

• صفة تصف شيئًا محددًا أو معينًا أو مفروضًا أو مُعطى؛ وتُستخدم أيضًا لوصف الميل أو الاستعداد لفعل شيء ما.

An adjective describing something that is specified, fixed, or granted; also used to describe a tendency or inclination.

1. Specified or particularB1formal

   Already specified, fixed, or determined.

   مُعطى

   • At any given time, the system must be operational.
   • The work must be completed within a given timeframe.
   • Under the given circumstances, we had no other choice.

   المرادفاتcertainestablishedfixedparticularpredeterminedsetspecificspecifiedstated

   الأضدادindefiniteundeterminedunfixedunspecifiedvague

2. Inclined or disposedB2formal

   Having a tendency or habit to do something.

   مَيَّال

   • She is given to making hasty decisions.
   • He is not given to expressing his emotions openly.
   • They are given to exaggeration when telling stories.

   المرادفاتaptdisposedinclinedliablelikelypredisposedpronesubjecttending

   الأضدادaversedisinclinedindisposedreluctantunwilling

3. Assumed or grantedB2formal

   Accepted as true or taken for granted.

   المُفترَض

   • Given that it's raining, we should stay indoors.
   • Given his experience, he was the best candidate for the job.
   • Given the circumstances, the outcome was expected.

   المرادفاتacceptedacknowledgedassumedgrantedunderstood

   الأضدادuncertainunknownunproven

• اسم يشير إلى أمر معروف أو مفترض، كشرط أو مقدمة تُقبل على أنها صحيحة لأغراض النقاش أو الحساب.

A noun referring to a known or assumed fact, condition, or premise that is accepted as true for the purpose of discussion or calculation.

1. Assumed factB2formal

   Something that is accepted as true or taken for granted.

   المُسَلَّمة

   • It is a given that the sun rises in the east.
   • In mathematics, some axioms are taken as givens.
   • The team's success was not a given; they worked hard for it.

   المرادفاتassumptionaxiomfactpostulatepremisepresupposition

   الأضدادcontingencypossibilityquestionuncertaintyunknown

• فعل يدل على نقل شيء أو تقديمه إلى شخص آخر، أو القيام بفعل لشخص ما.

A verb used to indicate the act of transferring something to someone or performing an action for someone.

فعل شاذ

1. Transfer possessionA1formal

   To hand over something to someone without expecting payment.

   إعطاء

   • She gave me a birthday present.
   • He gave his coat to the homeless man.
   • Please give me the book.

   المرادفاتawardbestowcontributedeliverdonateentrustfurnishgranthandhand overofferpasspresentprovidesupplytransfer

   الأضدادkeepreceivetakewithhold

2. Provide or supplyA1formal

   To provide something needed or requested.

   يُعطي

   • The teacher gave us homework.
   • They gave their support to the project.
   • The restaurant gives free Wi-Fi to customers.

   المرادفاتbestowdeliverfurnishgrantofferpresentprovidesupply

   الأضدادkeepretainwithhold

3. Deliver a performanceA2formal

   To perform or present something, like a speech or show.

   أدَّى عرضًا

   • She gave a speech at the conference.
   • The band gave an amazing concert.
   • He gave a detailed explanation of the problem.

   المرادفاتdeliverperformpresentput onrenderstage

4. Cause or produceB1formal

   To cause a particular effect or result.

   أحدث

   • The news gave him a shock.
   • This medicine gives relief from pain.
   • The decision gave rise to controversy.

   المرادفاتbring aboutcausecreategenerateoccasionproduceyield

الصيغ المركّبةgive awaygive ingive offgive outgive up